Galvanic sludge metals recovery by pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical treatment

Recovery of Cu and Fe from Printed Circuit Board waste sludge by ultrasound: Evaluation of industrial application

“…There are three approaches for the metal recovery from heavy metal-containing waste sludge, including thermal treatment (pyrometallurgical treatment), wet treatment (hydrometallurgical treatment) and a mix of both [24]. In pyrometallurgical treatment process [25][26][27], the PCB waste sludge is thermally dried while the metal hydroxide of the sludge is converted into oxide.…”

“…There are some applications of the pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes associated [24]. These techniques produce large amount of wastewater and solid wastes and require a great deal of chemicals consumption.…”

Development and application of an auto-normalization program for optimal treatment of numerous metal-containing hazardous sludges

“…Some methods such as chemical extraction, electrokinetics and electrodialysis were applied to metal-containing sludges for metal removal [6,8,9]. Furthermore, hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical method involving a series of extraction or a combination of thermal treatment is another method for treating metal-containing sludges [10,11]. Although those methods are available, complete removing metals from sludges is not easily obtained.…”

Avaliação do potencial poluidor da indústria galvânica: caracterização, classificação e destinação de resíduos

“…Diante disso, surgiu um problema para as empresas desse ramo: o que fazer com estes resíduos? (Rossini & Bernardes, 2006;Pasqualini, 2004;Bernardes et al, 2000 Uma alternativa para os resíduos perigosos (classe I) seria convertê-los a resíduos não perigosos (classe II -não inertes). Algumas mudanças, no processo produtivo das empresas de galvanoplastia e na parte referente ao tratamento usual dado aos efluentes, podem permitir a mudança de classificação dos resíduos.…”