Gambaran Terapi dan Luaran Infeksi Saluran Kemih oleh Bakteri Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase pada Anak di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

Muhajir, Ahmad; Purwono, Priyo Budi; Handayani, Samsriyaningsih

doi:10.14238/sp18.2.2016.111-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…ESBL is a group of enzymes that have the hydrolysis and inactivation capabilities of beta-lactam antibiotics, including thirdgeneration cephalosporin, penicillin and aztreonam (Enany et al, 2020). Previous research studies supported the type of ESBL-producing bacteria found in this study also carried out at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya by Irawan et al (2012) which got K. pneumonia 52.08% and E. coli 47.92% and studies with pediatric patients at the same location obtained K. pneumonia with ESBL 60.7% and E. coli with ESBL 37.5% (Muhajir et al, 2016). The ESBL bacteria problem is not only experienced in Indonesia, but research in Nepal also shows the same results K. pneumoniae 44%, P. aeruginosa 29%, E. coli 20% (Rooku et al, 2019).…”

Section: • Opportunistic Bacterial Infection In Hiv Patientsupporting

confidence: 84%

Microbial Patterns of Hospitalized Hiv Positive Patients Admitted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Indonesia

2021

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Background: HIV patients with a weak immune system are very vulnerable to opportunistic infections, can trigger systemic endothelial activation and end up as a condition of sepsis. In Indonesia currently, there is no bacterial epidemiological mapping of the etiology of opportunistic infections in HIV patients. Purpose: To determine the pattern of bacteria that cause opportunistic infections and their antibiotic sensitivity in HIV patients. Method: Prospective observational study design. Data were obtained from medical records of hospitalized patients at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from August 2019 - February 2020. Result: Out of 64 patients, 83 specimens were found with the most types of gram-negative bacteria 44.6%, while gram-positive bacteria were 15.7% and a mix of 2.4% and 37.3% negative culture. The highest prevalence of gram-negative bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae (35.15), followed by Escherichia coli (10.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%), and Acinetobacter baumanii (8.1%). The highest prevalence of gram-positive bacteria was Streptococcus mitis / oralis (30.7%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (23.1%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.4%). Among gram-negative bacteria antibiotic, Cefoperazone-sulbactam showed the greatest sensitivity, following by Amikacin, Gentamycin and Piperacillin-tazobactam; while among gram-positive bacteria are Chloramphenicol, Linezolid, and Vancomycin. Almost all isolates showed resistance to Ampicillin. Conclusion: Bacteria pattern that caused opportunistic infection in RSUD Dr. Soetomo is K. pneumonia as most common gram-negative bacteria followed by E. coli, P. aeruginosa and A. baumanii; while the most gram-positive bacteria found are S. mitis/oralis and S. aureus. Among antibiotic used, Ampicillin showed the lowest sensitivity to almost all bacteria isolates.

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Section: • Opportunistic Bacterial Infection In Hiv Patientsupporting

confidence: 84%

Microbial Patterns of Hospitalized Hiv Positive Patients Admitted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Indonesia

2021

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“…Leukosit esterase merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terdapatnya leukosit yang mengeluarkan enzim esterase yang disebabkan oleh adanya bakteri golongan Enterobacteriaceae. 5,6 Kultur urin merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas untuk mendiagnosis ISK, interpretasi hasil dengan menghitung jumlah kuman yang ada pada media kultur. 7 Pada anak, ISK merupakan infeksi yang paling sering terjadi setelah infeksi saluran napas.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Perbandingan Leukosituria, Nitrit, Leukosit Esterase dengan Kultur Urin dalam Mendiagnosis Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada Anak

Sabriani¹,

Umboh²,

Manoppo³

2021

MSJ

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) in children is the most common infection after upper airway infection. The diagnosis of UTI is based on urine culture, however, this examination takes a longer time and is quite expensive. Therefore, the diagnosis of UTI can also be confirmed by using leukocyturia, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase tests although they can not replace urine culture as the gold standard. This study was aimed to determine the accuracy of positive leukocyturia, positive nitrite, positive leukocyte esterase examination, combination of positive leukocyturia and nitrite examinations, positive leukocyturia and leukocyte esterase, and leukocyturia, nitrite, positive leukocyte esterase in diagnosing UTI. This was a literature review study. The results of the literature review showed that the range of accuracy of UTI diagnosis using positive leukocyte esterase examinations was 9-6.8%, positive nitrite was 2.8-100%, leukocyte esterase was 13.7-86%, combination of positive leukocyturia and nitrite had a sensitivity value of 33 %, and specificity of 94%, combination of positive leukocytic and leukocytic esterase had a sensitivity value of 70% and a specificity of 90%, and combination of leukocyturia, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase had an accuracy range of 100%. In conclusion, these examinations coul be used to confirm the diagnosis of UTI in children especially if the urine culture can not be performed on them.Keywords: urinary tract infection (UTI), leukocyturia, nitrite, leukocyte esterase, urine culture, children Abstrak: Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan infeksi yang paling sering terjadi pada anak setelah infeksi saluran napas atas. Diagnosis ISK ditegakkan berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kultur urin, namun pemeriksaan ini membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang cukup mahal. Pemeriksaan leukosituria, nitrit, dan leukosit esterase juga membantu dalam mendiagnosis ISK, namun ketiga pemeriksaan ini belum dapat menggantikan kultur urin sebagai baku emas untuk mendiagnosis ISK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar ketepatan pemeriksaan leukosituria positif, nitrit positif, leukosit esterase positif, gabungan pemeriksaan leukosituria dan nitrit positif, leukosituria dan leukosit esterase positif, dan gabungan leukosituria, nitrit, leukosit esterase positif dalam mendiagnosis ISK. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kisaran ketepatan diagnosis ISK menggunakan pemeriksaan leukosituria positif yaitu 9-6,8%, nitrit positif sebesar 2,8-100%, leukosit esterase sebesar 13,7-86%, gabungan leukosituria dan nitrit positif memiliki nilai sensitivitas 33%, dan spesifisitas sebesar 94%, gabungan leukosituria dan leukosit esterase positif memiliki nilai sensitivitas 70% dan spesifisitas sebesar 90%, serta gabungan pemeriksaan leukosituria, nitrit, dan leukosit esterase memiliki kisaran ketepatan sebesar 100%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pemeriksan-pemeriksaan tersebut dapat membantu menegakkan diagnosis ISK pada anak terutama bila kultur urin tidak memungkinkan dilakukan.Kata kunci: infeksi saluran kemih (ISK), leukosituria, nitrit, leukosit esterase, kultur urin, anak

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“…Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) adalah enzim hidrolitik yang dimiliki kelompok bakteri Gram negatif sepeti E. coli dan Klebsiella spp. untuk menghidrolisis cincin beta laktam (Muhajir at al., 2016). Apabila cincin tersebut lisis, maka akan terjadi peningkatan resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik, seperti penicillin ataupun kelompok antibiotik aztreonam (Katzung, 2002).…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

ISOLASI Escherichia coli DARI URINE PASIEN INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA KEDIRI

Widianingsih

Jesus

2018

Al-Kauniyah J. Biol.

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AbstrakInfeksi saluran kemih (ISK) terjadi akibat adanya invasi mikroorganisme (bakteri) pada saluran kemih. Peningkatan kejadian ISK dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi refluks vesikouretral (RVU), obstruksi saluran kemih, pemakaian instrumen uretral baru, dan septikimia. Angka kejadian ISK di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Kediri tahun 2016 berjumlah 346 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya Escherichia coli pada urine pasien ISK di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Kediri. Besarnya persentase ISK yang disebabkan E. coli mendorong peneliti untuk melakukan isolasi bakteri tersebut dari urine pasien ISK di rumah sakit tersebut. Teknik sampling yang digunakan berupa Accidental sampling dengan sampel berupa urine porsi tengah (UPT) sebanyak 30. Sampel urine diinokulasikan pada media MCA, kemudian dilakukan pewarnaan Gram, dilanjutkan uji biokimia reaksi untuk membedakan golongan Enterobacter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12 sampel positif mengandung E. coli, 3 sampel mengandung Klebsiella spp., dan 15 sampel tidak terdeteksi sama sekali. Hasil positif E. coli ditunjukkan dengan koloni bulat berukuran kecil, elevasi semi mucoid, dan fermentasi laktosa positif pada media MCA. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa E. coli dapat ditemukan pada sampel urine pasien ISK di Rumah Sakit Bayangkara Kediri.Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by microbial invasion (bacteria) in the urinary tract. The increased of UTI can be affected by a condition of vesicouretral reflux (RVU), urinary tract obstruction, application of new urethral instruments, and septicemia. The incidence of UTI in Bhayangkara Kediri Hospital in 2016 was 346 cases. The objective of this research was to determine the presence of E. coli in UTI patients in the Bhayangkara Kediri Hospital. The large percentage of UTI caused by Escherichia coli encouraged researchers to isolate the bacteria from the urine of UTI patients in the hospital. Accidental sampling with 30 middle portion urine samples (UPT) was carried out. The samples were inoculated onto separate MCA media. Representative bacterial isolates were stained with Gram staining technique and followed by reaction biochemistry tests to distinguish Enterobacter groups. The results showed that 12 urine samples contained E. coli, 3 urine samples contained Klebsiella spp., while 15 urine samples were negative (not containing bacteria). The positive results of E. coli showed small rounded, elevation of semi mucoid colonies, and positive lactose fermentation on the MCA media. It showed that E. coli indeed exists in the urine samples of UTI patients in Bayangkara Kediri Hospital.

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Gambaran Terapi dan Luaran Infeksi Saluran Kemih oleh Bakteri Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase pada Anak di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Microbial Patterns of Hospitalized Hiv Positive Patients Admitted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Indonesia

Microbial Patterns of Hospitalized Hiv Positive Patients Admitted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Indonesia

Perbandingan Leukosituria, Nitrit, Leukosit Esterase dengan Kultur Urin dalam Mendiagnosis Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada Anak

ISOLASI Escherichia coli DARI URINE PASIEN INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA KEDIRI

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