Ganglioneuroblastoma in children

Olfactory ganglioneuroblastoma in a dog: case report and literature review

“…CT is considered to be the ideal modality for NT assessment, given that it allows determination of the neoplasm dimensions, identification of the organ of origin, and assessment of invasion into adjacent tissues and vessels. 1 Neuroimaging of our case revealed neoplasm-associated turbinate bone destruction that extended through the skull base. ONTs are known to invade the cribriform plate, cranial vault, and brain, and similar locally aggressive biologic behavior was demonstrated in our case.…”

“…Neuroblastic tumors (NTs; neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma [GNB], and ganglioneuroma) are rare neoplasms that have been reported in humans and a variety of veterinary species. 1,3,10,19 NTs exist on a continuum with neuroblastomas being the most primitive; ganglioneuromas are the most differentiated. GNBs comprise a moderately differentiated group of NTs that vary in their composition and degree of cellular maturation.…”

“…7,10 Within the human literature, evidence supporting ONTs as nosologically unrelated to peripheral NTs include gene expression profiling similarities between normal olfactory mucosa and olfactory neuroblastoma cells, and ONTs can be diagnosed in all age groups, compared to peripheral neuroblastomas, which are usually diagnosed in patients < 5 y old. 1,5,7 Additionally, there is tangential laboratory evidence to support that ONTs possess a different cellular ontogeny than peripheral NTs. A study found that olfactory marker protein-SV40T oncogene transgenic mice developed NTs associated with the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia as well as metastatic lesions; however, no neoplastic lesions were observed within the nasal cavity.…”

Retroperitoneal ganglioneuroblastoma with postoperative stress ulcer perforation in an adolescent: A case report and review of the literature

“…Ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) is an embryonal tumor originating from primitive neural crest cells in the neuroectoderm ( 1 ). It is a transitional tumor consisting of a mixture of mature ganglioneuromas (GNs) and malignant neuroblastomas (NBs), hence its biological behavior is intermediate between that of GN and NB.…”

“…It is a transitional tumor consisting of a mixture of mature ganglioneuromas (GNs) and malignant neuroblastomas (NBs), hence its biological behavior is intermediate between that of GN and NB. Furthermore, GNB is a malignant or potentially malignant tumor ( 1 , 2 ). It usually occurs in pediatric patients aged <10 years, particularly between the ages of 1 and 2 years ( 3 ).…”