Ganoderma boninense control in palm oil plantations using Trichoderma harzianum in various Media

Abstract

Ganoderma boninense is a pathogen that can attack palm oil plants. This fungus can cause death, causing a decrease in the number of stands and palm oil production. One alternative to control Ganoderma boninense in palm oil is using the biological agent; ‘Trichoderma harzianum’. This research aimed to examine the inhibition of T. harzianum in various media on different spear leaves accumulations on G. boninense in palm oil plants. The research was arranged in a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was T. harzianum application with different media, the second factor was the accumulation of spear leaves on palm oil trees. The data from the observations were analyzed using the analysis of variance, followed by the DMRT at 5% level. The results of statistical tests showed that the application of T. harzianum in various media had no significant effect on the number of spear leaves at 1.5 months after application (MAA) and G. boninense mycelium at 3 MAA, but had a significant effect on the number of spear leaves at 3 MAA, G. boninense mycelium at 1.5 MAA, T. harzianum mycelium at 1.5 and 3 MAA and also significantly affected the root length at 1.5 and 3 MAA. The accumulation of spear leaves significantly affected at 1.5 and 3 MAA but had no significant effect on the observation of G.boninense mycelium, T. harzianum mycelium and the root lengths at 1.5 and 3 MAA. The interaction between T. harzianum in various media and the accumulation of spear leaves had a significant effect on decreasing the number of spear leaves at 1.5 MAA but had no significant effect on G. boninense mycelium, T. harzianum mycelium and the root lengths at 1.5 and 3 MAA. The application of T. harzianum, which was cultured in various media, was able to reduce the accumulation of spear leaves after 3 months of application. The lowest number of spear leaves was found in T. harzianum application with 25% OPEFB + 75% cow dung compost. The best of T. harzianum media in stimulating palm oil’s root growth was 50% OPEFB + 50% cow dung compost.

Development and Evaluation of Cow Dung Composting Equipment with Ventilation and Heating

“…To accommodate these gases, a portion of the internal space in the fermentation tank needs to be reserved. The cow dung is in a loose accumulation state with large internal porosity [32]. To facilitate feeding and material collection, the fermentation tank is equipped with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet on the side and bottom, respectively.…”

An In-Depth Study of Phytopathogenic Ganoderma: Pathogenicity, Advanced Detection Techniques, Control Strategies, and Sustainable Management

“…Different media compositions were evaluated, showing significant effects on spear leaf count, mycelium growth, and root length. The combination of 25% oil palm empty fruit bunches and 75% cow dung compost yielded the best results in reducing spear leaf count, while 50% OPEFB and 50% cow dung compost stimulated root growth [ 277 ]. Endophytic Trichoderma species from North Sumatra, Indonesia, were evaluated for their effectiveness in preventing BSR disease in oil palm nurseries.…”

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“…Trichoderma dan Mycorrhizae are biological control agents that have been used for a long time to prevent G. boninense fungal infection in the field. 14 Sukariawan et al 15 reported Trichoderma harzianum in various media was capable to control the Ganoderma disease in OP plantations. In particular, the OP empty fruit bunch and cow dung could act as T. harzianum media as well as a source of soil organic matter.…”