Gas chromatographic profiling and screening for phenols as isobutoxycarbonyl derivatives in aqueous samples

Kim, Kyoung Rae; Kim, Hyub

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01068-7

Cited by 56 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Phenols have typically been quantitated using methods that provide a measurement of the "total phenol" content, such as the oxidative coupling of phenols with 4-aminoantipyrine in alkaline solution [5]. Levels of nitrophenols from environmental samples are usually quantified using various techniques, such as gas chromatography, usually after derivatization [6,7], liquid chromatography [8 -10] and capillary electrophoresis [11,12]. Although routinely used, these relatively expensive techniques suffer from certain drawbacks, the most notable of which include lengthy sample preparation and analysis times and the use of environmentally undesirable chlorinated solvents for both chemical derivatization and sample elution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathodic Electrochemical Detection of Nitrophenols at a Bismuth Film Electrode for Use in Flow Analysis

2004

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The bismuth film electrode (BiFE) is presented for use in both batch voltammetric and flow injection (FI) amperometric detection of some nitrophenols (2-nitrophenol, 2-NP; 4-nitrophenol, 4-NP; 2,4-dinitrophenol, 2,4-DNP). The bismuth film was deposited ex situ (batch measurements) and in-line (FI) onto a glassy carbon substrate electrode. Batch analysis of the nitrophenols was carried out in 0.04 M Britton Robinson (BR) buffer pH 4, while for FI measurements, a carrier/electrolyte solution composed of 0.1 M BR buffer pH 4 mixed with methanol (20 þ 80, v/v%) was employed to resemble media used in preconcentration/clean-up and flow separation sample pretreatment procedures. Under batch conditions, the voltammetric behavior of the nitrophenols was examined for dependence on medium pH in the range of 2 to 10. Employing the square-wave voltammetry mode, the limits of detection were 0.4 mg L . The attractive performance of the BiFE under flow analysis conditions offers great promise with respect to its detection capability and to its use for a prolonged period of time with no need for inconvenient removal of the electrode from the system for mechanical surface treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathodic Electrochemical Detection of Nitrophenols at a Bismuth Film Electrode for Use in Flow Analysis

2004

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“…Therefore, monitoring and selectively determining p-NP in environmental samples are extremely significant. Many analytical methods, such as UV-visible spectroscopy [3,4] and liquid chromatography [5,6], have been employed to detect p-NP. Due to the great advantages, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Determination of p‐Nitrophenol Based on Its Unique Voltammetric Behavior on Nanoporous Gold

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2011

Electroanalysis

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In this paper, an unsupported nanoporous gold (us-NPG) was applied as a novel electrochemical sensor material for the selective detection of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) among its isomers in acid solution based on the distinct cyclic voltammetric behavior. To ascertain the ascription of each peak in cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of three nitrophenol isomers (NPs) on the us-NPG, contrast voltammetric studies of NPs were conducted at an ultrathin NPG film supported on glassy carbon substrate (NPG/GC) and a well-defined Au(111) electrode, respectively. Effects of potential scan rate and rotation speed of the electrode on the redox reaction of NPs were investigated to further confirm the reaction mechanisms. Interestingly, unlike those obtained on NPG/GC and Au(111) electrodes, the CVs of both o-nitrophenol (o-NP) and m-nitrophenol (m-NP) on us-NPG presented a new pair of redox waves separated very well from the redox waves of p-NP, indicating an obviously different mechanism involved in the redox process. Based on the voltammetric behavior, trace level determination of p-NP can be achieved on us-NPG electrode in the presence of o-NP and m-NP. Thus, the fast electron transfer, high selectivity and good sensitivity make us-NPG act as an ideal electrochemical sensor material in the selective determination of p-NP in aqueous solutions.

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“…Phenolic compounds are considered micropollutants and are carcinogenic agents and endocrine disruptors (Kim and Kim 2000), which are mainly introduced in the environment by industrial activities. The presence of phenol in tap water and water wells can seriously affect human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatographic Techniques for the Determination of Free Phenol in Foundry Resins

et al. 2011

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Phenol is a toxic compound present in a wide variety of foundry resins. Its quantifi-cation is important for the characterization of the resins as well as for the evaluation of free contaminants present in foundry wastes. Two chromatographic methods, liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (LC-UV) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), for the analysis of free phenol in several foundry resins, after a simple extraction procedure (30 min), were developed. Both chromatographic methods were suitable for the determination of phenol in the studied furanic and phe-nolic resins, showing good selectivity, accuracy (recovery 99-100%; relative deviations <5%), and precision (coefficients of variation <6%). The used ASTM reference method was only found to be useful in the analysis of phenolic resins, while the LC and GC methods were applicable for all the studied resins. The developed methods reduce the time of analysis from 3.5 hours to about 30 min and can readily be used in routine quality control laboratories.

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Gas chromatographic profiling and screening for phenols as isobutoxycarbonyl derivatives in aqueous samples

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Cathodic Electrochemical Detection of Nitrophenols at a Bismuth Film Electrode for Use in Flow Analysis

Cathodic Electrochemical Detection of Nitrophenols at a Bismuth Film Electrode for Use in Flow Analysis

Selective Determination of p‐Nitrophenol Based on Its Unique Voltammetric Behavior on Nanoporous Gold

Chromatographic Techniques for the Determination of Free Phenol in Foundry Resins

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