Gaseous and leaching nitrogen losses from no-tillage and conventional tillage systems following surface application of cattle manure

Mkhabela, M.S.; Madani, Ali; Gordon, Robert J.; Burton, David L.; Cudmore, D.; Elmi, Abdirashid; Hart, William E.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2007.12.005

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, transfer by runoff occurred as well as reported by Ceretta et al (2010) and Smith et al (2001a). Furthermore, mineral N may be involved in transfer by ammonia volatilization, mainly from soils under no-tillage, once manure is applied onto crop residues without soil incorporation and the transferred quantities may reach 32 % of the total N applied via manure (Mkhabela et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Nutrients in soil layers under no-tillage after successive pig slurry applications

Lourenzi

Ceretta

Silva

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Nutrients in soil layers under no-tillage after successive pig slurry applications

Lourenzi

Ceretta

Silva

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…The dual effect of tillage on growing season denitrification rates and nitrate leaching losses is not well understood. Higher denitrification losses have been reported under no-till practices when compared with conventional tillage by Rice and Smith (1982), Staley et al (1990), Fan et al (1997), and Mkhabela et al (2008). The latter authors attributed lower nitrate concentrations in tile leachate under no-till continuous corn in a manure-fed system in part to higher denitrification losses under no-till, when compared with conventional till.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In a ranking by the proportion of farmland under the category of "very high manure N production" (≥40 kg N ha −1 ) between 1981 and 2006, Nova Scotia was found to have a proportion of farmland at 86% of not only Atlantic Canada but all Canadian provinces (Yang et al 2011). While the major cause of low NUE in Atlantic Canada is nitrate leaching (Mkhabela et al 2008;Fuller et al 2010), denitrification losses from agricultural land have also been identified as a significant N loss pathway that contributes to poor N utilization (Fan et al 1997), especially under conditions of high growing season precipitation such as those experienced in Atlantic Canada, which receives in excess of 500 mm between April and October in the major agricultural areas (Environment Canada 2014). A significant number of studies on denitrification losses from crop rotations used for livestock feed have been undertaken in which inorganic fertilizers have been used as an N source (Fan et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shift by producers in recent years to conservation tillage practices in their rotations to minimize soil erosion, increase carbon sequestration, improve soil health (Moebius et al 2007;Idowu et al 2008), and reduce energy use (McLaughlin et al 2008) has given rise to a need to evaluate the compatibility of this best agricultural practice (BAP) with BAPs for reducing other environmental impacts in systems receiving manure. These include denitrification losses, ammonia volatilization, surface run-off losses of N, and N leaching losses (Mkhabela et al 2008;Fuller et al 2010). The trade-off between these environmental impacts results from N's reactivity, frequent changes in form, and high rates of cycling through different environmental media (Ribaudo et al 2011) and can only be assessed empirically from specific soil-crop-climate associations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

et al. 2016

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Denitrification losses from agricultural land have been identified as a significant nitrogen (N) loss pathway that contributes to poor utilization of applied N. Higher losses have been reported when inorganic fertilizer N is substituted with an organic N source such as livestock manure. This research examines the relationships between denitrification rates, land management practices and soil processes when using spring applied liquid dairy manure (LDM) as principal N source. Mean daily denitrification rates (DDRs) in a perennial hayfield (PH) rotation and a corn-soybean-wheat (CSW) rotation with or without tillage (T and NT respectively) ranged between 0.9 and 27.0 g N ha −1 day −1 . Mean, seasonal DDRs in the PH rotation were significantly lower in three out of six seasons when compared with the CSW-T and (or) CSW-NT rotation. When averaged across the six season study period, the mean DDR in PH of 4.4 g N ha −1 day −1 was also significantly lower than CSW-T and NT (7.6 and 8.1 g N ha −1 day −1 , respectively). There were no significant effects of tillage in the CSW rotations in any of the six growing seasons. When treatment and growing season data were combined, a positive relationship between water-filled pore space (WFPS) and DDR indicated a threshold of approximately 40% WFPS for onset of significant denitrification. Similarly, the relationship between soil nitrate levels and denitrification rates in the population data set demonstrated that NO 3 − began to limit DDR below 2-5 mg N kg −1 . This 6-year study of denitrification losses suggests a primary effect of WFPS, a secondary effect of O 2 consumption as reflected by soil respiration, and nitrate limiting only at relatively low concentrations. Environmental variables were more consistent drivers of denitrification in three manure-fed crop rotations typical of Atlantic Canada dairy operations than were land management decisions and practices.Key words: denitrification, crop rotations, nitrate leaching, liquid dairy manure, tillage practices, water-filled pore space, soil respiration.Résumé : La dénitrification est un phénomène qui déclenche une perte importante d'azote (N) et concourt à une piètre utilisation de cet élément. La recherche s'est attardée aux liens existant entre le taux de dénitrification, les techniques agronomiques et les mécanismes du sol quand on utilise du lisier de bovins laitiers comme source d'engrais N. Le taux de dénitrification quotidien (TDQ) moyen dans un assolement de foin vivace (FV) et un assolement maïs-soja-blé (MSB) avec (T) ou sans travail du sol (NT) varie de 0,9 à 27,0 g de N par hectare et par jour. Le TDQ moyen du FV était significativement plus faible que celui de l'assolement MSB trois saisons sur six. Quand on calcule la moyenne des six années, le TDQ moyen du FV (4,4 g de N par hectare et par jour) est aussi sensiblement plus faible que celui de l'assolement MSB-T et NT (7,6 et 8,1 g de N par hectare et par jour, respectivement). Les résultats

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“…While there is no trend of incorporation of bio-wastes in forests (US EPA, 2011). From an agronomic point of view, bio-wastes are also left on the surface unincorporated for the sake of zero tillage (Mkhabela et al, 2008). These practices are preferred because of their ease in terms of handling, they are economic ways of disposal, or because of a lack of available storage space on the farm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading of Bio-wastes onto Soil Surfaces to Control Pathogens: Human Health and Environmental Consequences

Ahmad¹,

Elbasit²,

Butt³

et al. 2015

IJAB

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Thousands of tons of animal and human wastes are produced every day across the globe. Their continuous use as fertilizers or soil amendments on agricultural lands has raised severe health and environmental concerns. Incorporating bio-wastes into the soil is one of the best management strategies to control the run-off of nutrients from the soil surface and, in turn, protect freshwater. However, exposing bio-waste to sunlight in the field is considered to be one of the most cost-effective methods to control pathogens. Considering the differences among different bio-waste management strategies, there is a need for a review of the current knowledge on the practice of spreading bio-wastes onto the soil surface. Specifically, this information would help us to better understand the fate of pathogens upon their exposure to the open environment, how the presence of bio-waste on the soil surface can threaten humans and the environment, and the costs and benefits of surface-applied bio-wastes. Current review of the literature revealed a lack of understanding of the factors responsible for killing pathogens on the soil surface. More than 150 pathogens (including different viruses, bacteria, protozoan and helminth) have been reported to be present in different bio-wastes, but the majority of studies have focused on a few common pathogens. Similarly, over the last decade, each year at least 1 new pathogen is being reported which can threat public health but there is a paucity of knowledge concerning the fate of pathogens under field conditions. Similarly, the techniques used for the detection of pathogens were found to be variable and inconclusive, making it difficult to compare the results of different studies. Therefore, given that the tools for the evaluation of pathogens have serious limitations and the survival characteristics of many (old and emerging) pathogens are yet to be discovered, the spreading of bio-wastes (treated or untreated) onto the soil surface (i.e., unincorporated) may not only further increase the threat for human health but also further aggravate the environment.

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Gaseous and leaching nitrogen losses from no-tillage and conventional tillage systems following surface application of cattle manure

Cited by 70 publications

References 40 publications

Nutrients in soil layers under no-tillage after successive pig slurry applications

Nutrients in soil layers under no-tillage after successive pig slurry applications

Effect of land management practices and environmental parameters on growing season denitrification rates under dairy crop rotations in Atlantic Canada

Spreading of Bio-wastes onto Soil Surfaces to Control Pathogens: Human Health and Environmental Consequences

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