Gastric mucus viscosity and Helicobacter pylori.

Slomiany, Bronislaw L.; Slomiany, Amalia; Murty, V.L.N.; Piotrowski, J.

doi:10.1136/gut.37.4.589-c

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…pylori has been shown by several laboratories to adversely affect the physical and chemical properties of gastric mucins (26 -29, 57, 58) and that eradication of the bacterium results in restoration of the viscoelastic and hydrophobic protective properties of mucus (30,31,56). Although still a controversial and disputed issue (see Refs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thioredoxin System of Helicobacter pylori

Windle

Fox

Nı́Eidhin

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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This paper describes the purification of thioredoxin reductase (TR) and the characterization, purification, and cloning of thioredoxin (Trx) from Helicobacter pylori. Purification, amino acid sequence analysis, and molecular cloning of the gene encoding thioredoxin revealed that it is a 12-kDa protein which possesses the conserved redox active motif CGPC. The gene encoding Trx was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and inserted into a pET expression vector and used to transform Escherichia coli. Trx was overexpressed by induction with isopropyl-1-thio-␤-D-galactopyranoside as a decahistidine fusion protein and was recovered from the cytoplasm as a soluble and active protein. The redox activity of this protein was characterized using several mammalian proteins of different architecture but all containing disulfide bonds. H. pylori thioredoxin efficiently reduced insulin, human immunoglobulins (IgG/ IgA/sIgA), and soluble mucin. Subcellular fractionation analysis of H. pylori revealed that thioredoxin was associated largely with the cytoplasm and inner membrane fractions of the cell in addition to being recovered in the phosphate-buffered saline-soluble fraction of freshly harvested cells. H. pylori TR was purified to homogeneity by chromatography on DEAE-52, Cibacron blue 3GA, and 2,5-ADP-agarose. Gel filtration revealed that the native TR had a molecular mass of 70 kDa which represented a homodimer composed of two 35-kDa subunits, as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. H. pylori TR (NADPH-dependent) efficiently catalyzed the reduction of 5,5-dithiobis(nitrobenzoic acid) in the presence of either native or recombinant H. pylori Trx. H. pylori Trx behaved also as a stress response element as broth grown bacteria secreted Trx in response to chemical, biological, and environmental stresses. These observations suggest that Trx may conceivably assist H. pylori in the process of colonization by inducing focal disruption of the oligomeric structure of mucin while rendering host antibody inactive through catalytic reduction.Redox control of a broad range of biochemical and immunological processes is now well documented to exercise a pivotal role in the cellular activity of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. To date the redox properties of Helicobacter pylori have received little attention. Accumulating evidence indicates that the redox status of cells controls various cellular functions including cellular activation and proliferation in addition to growth inhibition and apoptosis (for reviews, see Refs. 1-5). Cellular redox status is maintained by intracellular redoxregulating molecules, including thioredoxin (Trx), 1 glutaredoxin, and protein disulfide isomerase, which catalyze the formation and reduction of disulfide bonds in proteins.The redox protein Trx and the associated enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TR) constitute a thiol-dependent reduction-oxidation system that can catalyze the reduction of certain proteins by NADPH, usually with high selectivity (1). In anaerobic bacteria, the generation of ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thioredoxin System of Helicobacter pylori

Windle

Fox

Nı́Eidhin

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Lipids and fatty acids in major salivary glands of rats changed in different ages, and the aging rats had higher lipids and n-6 fatty acids contents than the young ones 21) . The lipids are mostly associated with the high (50%) and low (30%) molecular weight mucous glycoprotein which are comprised in submandibular gland 22) . It was reported that total lipids and neutral lipids in submandibular saliva and parotid saliva from caries susceptible subjects were higher than those from resistant ones.…”

Section: Y Tomita N Miyake and S Yamanakamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids in Human Parotid Saliva with Regard to Caries Experience

Tomita¹,

Miyake²,

Yamanaka

2008

J. Oleo Sci.

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It has been reported that saliva may play an important role in the prevention and development of enamel caries and that both lipids and protein contents in saliva may be relevant to this role. This study examined the lipid and protein levels in saliva from individuals differing in caries experience. Female subjects (20 to 21 years old) were used divided equally into two groups, caries-susceptible group (CSG) and caries-resistant group (CRG). Stimulated parotid saliva and stimulated whole saliva were collected from the subjects. After centrifugation, each saliva sample was analyzed for the concentrations of lipids and proteins and for the compositions of lipids and fatty acids. The lipid and protein contents in parotid saliva increased in proportion to increase of the flow rate. The lipid content was slightly correlated with the protein one (r = 0.33). Total lipid and protein concentrations were higher in the samples from CSG than those from CRG. The lipid composition was similar in the samples from the two groups; more than half in total lipids was neutral lipids, followed by glycolipids and phospholipids. Neutral lipids and free fatty acid and triacylglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the samples from CSG than those from CRG (p<0.01 for each). Also stearic, linoleic and docosahexaenoic acids were significantly higher in the former group than the latter one (p<0.05 and p<0.01). In summary, the lipid concentrations in parotid saliva from caries susceptible subjects were higher than those from caries resistant ones, and the difference in fatty acid composition was detected between them. The variations in the lipid levels and fatty acid composition may be associated with those in caries development.

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“…Our previous studies on glycosphingolipids of hog gastric mucosa resulted in isolation of a series of complex fucolipids containing from 12 to 36 sugar units [6,10,11]. The simpler compounds of this series were shown to contain a single symmetrical branching terminated by blood-group A and H antigenic determinants [6], whereas additional branches terminated by fl-galactose and fl-N-acetylglucosamine were present in the carbohydrate chains of more complex fucolipids [lo, 111.…”

Section: Disc Us Si 0 Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the erythrocyte membrane these compounds contain up to 60 sugar units and display ABH and I antigenic activities [l-3,7-91. The carbohydrate chains of complex fucolipids from gastric mucosa consist of up to 36 sugar residues and bear bloodgroup A and (A + H) antigenic determinants [4,6,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Fucolipids of Hog Gastric Mucosa Structure of the Ceramide Eikosahexoside

Slomiany

Galicki

et al. 2005

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The structure of a complex fucolipid from hog gastric mucosa containing twenty sugar residues and exhibiting blood‐group (A+H) activity has been investigated. Based on the results of immunological assays, partial acid hydrolysis, sequential degradation with specific exoglycosidases, oxidation with periodate and chromium trioxide, and permethylation analysis, we suggest that the carbohydrate chain of this fucolipid contains four termini. One of the termini bears βGal1→ 4βGlcNAc disaccharide, two bear blood‐group A determinant and one bears H determinant. Two of the branches, terminated by βGal1 → 4βGlcNAc and blood‐group A determinant, and two terminated by blood‐group A and H determinants, are linked through βGal1→ 4βGlcNAc1 → 3/6 and βGal1 → 4βGlcNAc1→ 4βGlcNAc1→ 3/6 to the galactose residue adjacent to glucosylceramide core.

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Gastric mucus viscosity and Helicobacter pylori.

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

The Thioredoxin System of Helicobacter pylori

The Thioredoxin System of Helicobacter pylori

Lipids in Human Parotid Saliva with Regard to Caries Experience

Complex Fucolipids of Hog Gastric Mucosa Structure of the Ceramide Eikosahexoside

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