Gastric Sensorimotor Functions and Hormone Profile in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese People

Roque, Maria I. Vazquez; Camilleri, Michael; Stephens, Debra; Jensen, Michael D.; Burton, Duane D.; Baxter, Kari; Zinsmeister, Alan R.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2006.10.025

Cited by 104 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Finally, another study has demonstrated that the occurrence of gastric distension caused by the ingestion of a liquid diet could change the levels 34 of PYY3-36. In the present study, there were no differences in the amount of food consumed by each group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of appetite-related hormones (peptide YY3-36, total ghrelin, leptin and insulin) before and after consumption of a meal in obese women with and without binge eating episodes and normal weight women. METHODS: Twenty-five women aged 32-50 years were invited to participate in this study, including 9 normal weight women without binge eating episodes (20-25kg/m², group 1), 9 obese women with binge eating episodes (³30kg/m², group 2), and 7 obese women without binge eating episodes (group 3). Four blood samples were collected from each participant, one being 60 minutes before and three being 15, 45 and 90 minutes after a meal. The composition of the meal was 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein and 30% lipids. RESULTS: Group 3 presented increased HOMA-IR (M=2.5, SD=1.04) when compared with group 1 (M=1.5, SD=0.53) and group 2 (M=1.8, SD=0.58), p=0.04. Body mass index (p<0.0001), leptin (p<0.0001) and insulin (p=0.01) were higher in group 3 than in the other groups before and after the meal. Additionally, total ghrelin (p=0.003) and PYY3-36 (p=0.02) levels were lower in group 2 than in the other groups before and after the meal. After adjustment for body mass index, only the lower PYY3-36 level of group 2 remained statistically different from the other groups (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that lower levels of PYY 3-36 are associated with binge eating in obese women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

et al. 2011

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“…Anterior and posterior gamma camera images were obtained immediately after radiolabeled meal ingestion, then every 15 min for the first 2 h, followed by every 30 min for the next 2 h [total of 4 h after the radiolabeled meal (Papathanasopoulos et al 2010)]. Data were analyzed as in previous studies (Vazquez Roque et al 2006). Geometric mean of counts in gastric regions of interest on anterior and posterior images was used (after correction for radioisotope decay and downscatter from the 111 In to the 99m Tc window) to estimate the proportion of 99m Tc or 111 In emptied from the stomach at each time point.…”

Section: Gastric Emptying Study With Scintigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of melanocortin 4 receptor gene variation with satiation and gastric emptying in overweight and obese adults

et al. 2014

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Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) has a major role in energy homeostasis. The rs17782313 polymorphism, mapped 188 kb downstream from MC4R, has been associated with satiety, higher body mass index (BMI) and total calorie intake in adults. To assess the association of rs17782313 with gastric functions, satiation, or satiety, we studied 178 predominantly Caucasian overweight and obese people: 120 females, 58 males; mean BMI 33.4 ± 5.3 kg/m 2 (SD); age 37.7 ± 11.2 years. Quantitative traits assessed were gastric emptying (GE) of solids and liquids; fasting and postprandial gastric volume; satiation by maximum tolerated volume and 4 symptoms by 100-mm visual analog scales (VAS); and satiety by ad libitum buffet meal. Associations of genotype and quantitative traits were assessed by analysis of covariance (using gender and BMI as covariates), based on a dominant [TC (n = 72) -CC (n = 12) vs. TT (n = 94)] genetic model. rs17782313(C) was associated with postprandial satiation symptoms (median D total VAS 26.5 mm, p = 0.036), reduced proportion of solid GE at 2 h (median D 6.7 %, p = 0.008) and 4 h (median D 3.2 %, p = 0.006), and longer t (median D 6 min, p = 0.034). Associations of rs17782313 with obesity may be explained by reduced satiation and GE. The role of MC4R mechanisms in satiation and gastric function deserves further study.

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“…In humans, most of the studies have used traditional preload paradigms to demonstrate that the potency of the signal to stop eating is increased when intestinal stimulation is combined with gastric distention (5,29,35). Interaction effects between gastric and intestinal signals have also been demonstrated for CCK and GLP-1 when exogenously administered in combination with a preload in both animals and humans (9,31,33,45,48).…”

Section: Ig Nutrient Administration Is More Potent In Suppressing Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the stomach in the control of appetite and the secretion of satiation peptides

Steinert

Meyer‐Gerspach

Beglinger

2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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It is widely accepted that gastric parameters such as gastric distention provide a direct negative feedback signal to inhibit eating; moreover, gastric and intestinal signals have been reported to synergize to promote satiation. However, there are few human data exploring the potential interaction effects of gastric and intestinal signals in the short-term control of appetite and the secretion of satiation peptides. We performed experiments in healthy subjects receiving either a rapid intragastric load or a continuous intraduodenal infusion of glucose or a mixed liquid meal. Intraduodenal infusions (3 kcal/min) were at rates comparable with the duodenal delivery of these nutrients under physiological conditions. Intraduodenal infusions of glucose elicited only weak effects on appetite and the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). In contrast, identical amounts of glucose delivered intragastrically markedly suppressed appetite (P Ͻ 0.05) paralleled by greatly increased plasma levels of GLP-1 and PYY (Յ3-fold, P Ͻ 0.05). Administration of the mixed liquid meal showed a comparable phenomenon. In contrast to GLP-1 and PYY, plasma ghrelin was suppressed to a similar degree with both intragastric and intraduodenal nutrients. Our data confirm that the stomach is an important element in the short-term control of appetite and suggest that gastric and intestinal signals interact to mediate early fullness and satiation potentially by increased GLP-1 and PYY secretions. small intestine; humans; glucagon-like peptide-1; gut; interactions EATING IS ORGANIZED INTO DISCRETE MEALS and determined by meal size and meal frequency. Multiple regulatory pathways seem to promote or inhibit eating and thus regulate energy balance. Gastrointestinal (GI) satiation signals such as cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), or peptide YY (PYY) as examples are secreted from the small and large intestine in response to food ingestion and signal to the brain via neural or endocrine pathways to inhibit eating (8). Their plasma levels are low in the fasting state and rise during a meal, which is consistent with the satiating effect observed when peripherally infused in rats and humans (1,19,26). In contrast, the peptide ghrelin is secreted from the stomach during fasting and plasma level fall shortly after meals consistent with a hunger-inducing action observed in rats and humans (47,53).Gastric parameters such as stomach distention are another important source of negative feedback (37). Feelings of hunger and satiety have long been associated with gastric motor and sensory functions, and more importantly, gastric and intestinal signals have been reported to interact (14,18,42). We and other groups could show that in humans oral preloads combined with (exogenously administered or endogenously stimulated) CCK or GLP-1 synergistically increase satiation and reduce food intake (9, 29, 33). Furthermore, Feinle et al. (12) demonstrated that sensory responses to gastric distension are altered by duodenal inf...

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Gastric Sensorimotor Functions and Hormone Profile in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese People

Cited by 104 publications

References 37 publications

Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

Association of melanocortin 4 receptor gene variation with satiation and gastric emptying in overweight and obese adults

The role of the stomach in the control of appetite and the secretion of satiation peptides

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