Gastric Tone Measured by an Electronic Barostat in Health arid Postsurgical Gastroparesis

Azpiroz, Fernando; Malagelada, Juan–R.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(87)90967-x

Cited by 336 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In healthy children and adults, the gastric fundus and body relax as a meal enters, so that there is little increase in intragastric pressures over a wide range of volumes (11)(12)(13). Azpiroz and Malagelada (12, 13) used a computer-driven air pump to infuse air into a noncompliant balloon placed in the stomach .…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid Maturation of Gastric Relaxation in Newborn Infants

et al. 2001

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We studied gastric volume, wall compliance, sensory perception, and receptive relaxation during the first postnatal 80 h in 17 healthy term infants, using a computer-driven air pump and simultaneously measuring pressure and volume within a latex balloon placed through the oropharynx into the stomach. To evaluate gastric compliance, we measured pressures while we infused air into the intragastric balloon at different rates (10, 20, and 60 mL/min) in random sequence. In all infants, there was a linear relationship between intragastric pressure and volume to the maximum pressure tested, 30 mm Hg. Gastric compliance ranged from 0.2 mL/mm Hg to 3.8 mL/mm Hg. Different infusion rates had no effect on compliance. We calculated gastric receptive relaxation by measuring the volume needed to maintain a constant pressure of 10 mm Hg within the balloon for 5 min. Gastric receptive relaxation ranged from 0.5 mL/min to 54 mL/min. Gastric compliance and receptive relaxation increased with postnatal age (r ϭ 0.70, p Ͻ 0.005; r ϭ 0.79, p Ͻ 0.001, respectively) and with number of feedings (r ϭ 0.80, r ϭ 0.88, respectively, both p Ͻ 0.001). There was no correlation between weight or type of feeding (breast versus formula) and either gastric compliance or relaxation. In conclusion, these results may explain the small feedings that neonates ingest in the first days of life. During the first 3 postnatal d, the newborn stomach becomes more compliant and develops more receptive relaxation, associated with a larger volume capacity. In healthy neonates, the volume of feedings in the first days of life is 60 -100 mL/kg per day or about 20 -40 mL per feeding. After a few days, the healthy neonate ingests approximately 150 mL/kg per day, or about 75 mL per feeding. The relatively low feeding volume during the first hours of life, coinciding with the physiologic diuresis of excess extracellular fluid that accompanies the transition from prenatal to postnatal life, may be caused by one or more factors, including a lack of hunger or thirst because of CNS depression or arousal, changing hormone concentrations associated with parturition, or immaturity of gastric function. Despite the appearance of anatomic features of the digestive tract early in fetal life (1, 2), many aspects of gastrointestinal motility are immature in the neonate (3-6). In vitro studies demonstrated rapid postnatal changes in the receptors (7,8) and responses to agonists in rabbit gastric muscle (9, 10). One potential explanation for the small voluntary feeding volumes in the hours immediately after birth is an immaturity of gastric relaxation to accommodate the entry of a meal.In healthy children and adults, the gastric fundus and body relax as a meal enters, so that there is little increase in intragastric pressures over a wide range of volumes (11-13). Azpiroz and Malagelada (12, 13) used a computer-driven air pump to infuse air into a noncompliant balloon placed in the stomach . Pressures increased initially as the stomach started to fill. As the stomach continued to fi...

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Rapid Maturation of Gastric Relaxation in Newborn Infants

et al. 2001

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“…Intestinal nutrients initiate signals from gut epithelial cells via vagal afferent endings, with subsequent effects on the central nervous system. These signals activate gastric vagal motor neurons, which cause relaxation of the proximal stomach Dent, 1991, Azpiroz andMalagelada, 1987), inhibit antral contractions, and stimulate tonic and phasic pyloric pressures.…”

Section: Energy Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of L-cysteine on appetite in humans

Amin¹,

Agahi²,

Martin³

et al. 2014

EJEA

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“…The gastric barostat test consists of a high compliance balloon device placed into the stomach to measure pressure-volume relationships and visceral sensation [41] . The drawback of this test is that it is invasive and is used therefore only as a research tool in a few tertiary centers.…”

Section: Other Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastroparesis: Current diagnostic challenges and management considerations

Waseem¹,

Moshiree²,

Draganov³

2009

WJG

143

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Gastroparesis refers to abnormal gastric motility characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. The most common etiologies include diabetes, post-surgical and idiopathic. The most common symptoms are nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain. Gastroparesis is estimated to affect 4% of the population and symptomatology may range from little effect on daily activity to severe disability and frequent hospitalizations. The gold standard of diagnosis is solid meal gastric scintigraphy. Treatment is multimodal and includes dietary modification, prokinetic and anti-emetic medications, and surgical interventions. New advances in drug therapy, and gastric electrical stimulation techniques have been introduced and might provide new hope to patients with refractory gastroparesis. In this comprehensive review, we discuss gastroparesis with emphasis on the latest developments; from the perspective of the practicing clinician.

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Gastric Tone Measured by an Electronic Barostat in Health arid Postsurgical Gastroparesis

Cited by 336 publications

References 14 publications

Rapid Maturation of Gastric Relaxation in Newborn Infants

Rapid Maturation of Gastric Relaxation in Newborn Infants

The effect of L-cysteine on appetite in humans

Gastroparesis: Current diagnostic challenges and management considerations

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