Gastroprotective Effect of Juanislamin on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats: Role of Prostaglandins, Nitric Oxide and Sulfhydryl Groups in the Mechanism of Action

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease, the most common gastrointestinal disorder, is currently treated with several types of drugs, but all have severe side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of juanislamin, isolated from Calea urticifolia, in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Thirty minutes after orally administering a given dose of juanislamin (from 1 to 30 mg/kg) or carbenoxolone (the reference drug, at 1–100 mg/kg) to rats, 1 mL of ethanol was applied, and the animals were sacrificed 2 h later. The stomachs were removed and opened to measure the total area of lesions in each. To examine the possible participation of prostaglandins, nitric oxide and/or sulfhydryl groups in the mechanism of action of juanislamin, the rats received indomethacin, NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide pretreatment, respectively, before being given juanislamin and undergoing the rest of the methodology. Juanislamin inhibited gastric lesions produced by ethanol in a non-dose-dependent manner, showing the maximum gastroprotective effect (100%) at 10 mg/kg. The activity of juanislamin was not modified by pretreatment with indomethacin, l-NAME or N-ethylmaleimide. In conclusion, juanislamin protected the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced damage, and its mechanism of action apparently does not involve prostaglandins, nitric oxide or sulfhydryl groups.

Antioxidant and Gastroprotective Activity of Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. Ex J.F.Gmel

“…Absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg) was administered to induce acute gastric ulcers as previously described with minor modifications to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of Sf.Cr [ 50 ]. Animals were randomly placed into six groups, with six animals in each group.…”

First Evidence of Gastroprotection by Schinus molle: Roles of Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandins, and Sulfhydryls Groups in Its Mechanism of Action

“…Subsequently, the stomachs were opened along the greater curvature and the gastric lesions were quantified under a stereoscopic microscope (×10) equipped with an ocular micrometer. The gastroprotection was calculated with the formula: (UIC-UIT) × 100/UIC, where UIC is the average ulcer index of the control group and UIT is the average ulcer index of the experimental group [ 22 ].…”

“…After 30 min, each group received (orally) the vehicle (Tween 80, 0.5%), the white solid (100 mg/kg), or carbenoxolone (100 mg/kg); and 30 min later, all rats were orally given ethanol, which was allowed to take effect for 2 h before sacrificing the animals to determine the ulcer index. A control group treated only with the solution of Tween 80 plus ethanol was included in this evaluation [ 22 ].…”

“…The animals were sacrificed in a CO 2 chamber 2 h later, at which time the stomachs were removed to determine the ulcer index. A group treated only with the solution of Tween 80 plus ethanol was included in this evaluation [ 22 ].…”

Gastroprotective Mechanisms

“…GU occurs as a gastric mucosal lesion that progresses to the lining of the stomach and becomes chronic and recurrent [4,5]. In gastric ulcers, different stages of necrosis occur in the glands of the stomach tissue, participating in the formation process, neutrophil infiltration, reduced blood flow, increased oxidative stress and inflammation [6]. These changes are due to the imbalance between protective agents (e.g., production of mucus, bicarbonate, and prostaglandins) and aggressive agents (e.g., secretion of acid and pepsin) caused by different sources.…”