Gateway, Fast Lane, or Early Exit? Tourism and Hospitality as a First Employer of Norwegian Youth

Tourisms development impacts: an appraisal of workplace issues, labour and human development

“…Literature on the nature of work in tourism points to its precarious nature, highlighting issues such as: low entry barriers; low pay; long hours; poor benefits; gender inequality; and limited upward career mobility (Baum, 2015;Baum et al, 2016;Booyens, 2020;Ioannides & Zampoukos, 2018). Youth, women and migrants are the most vulnerable in the tourism workforce, typically employed in the lowest positions with limited opportunities to progress upwards (Baum et al, 2016;Booyens, 2020;Dagsland et al, 2020; see respectively, the chapters by Zampoukos and de Jong & Figueroa-Domecq in the volume). Seasonality is a structural constraint linked to the precarious nature of short-term employment and a lack of job security in the sector.…”

“…The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated and underscored the precariousness of tourism employment particularly with respect to overall job insecurity accompanied by workplace abuse (One Fair Wage, 2021). While workplace bullying and harassment in the hospitality sector is an ongoing problem, hospitality workers face the increased ire of customers in times of Covid-19 (Dagsland et al, 2020;Jung & Yoon, 2020;Sönmez et al, 2020).…”