GC‐MS method for characterization and quantification of sitostanol oxidation products

Soupas, Laura; Juntunen, Laura; Säynäjoki, Sakari; Lampi, Anna‐Maija; Piironen, Vieno

doi:10.1007/s11746-004-0871-1

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The spectra obtained from the fecal samples were compared with those of standards and with the mass spectra library for identification by GC/MS. Table S1 shows the retention time (Rt), relative retention time (Rrt) and characteristic ions of the sterols and metabolites identified by GC/MS [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Fecal Sterols Following a Diet with and without Plant Sterols

Cuevas-Tena

Alegrı́a

Lagarda

2017

Lipids

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The aim of this study was to develop a method for neutral fecal sterols determination in subjects receiving a normal diet with or without a plant sterols-enriched beverage using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Sample preparation conditions (homogenization of lyophilized feces with water) were evaluated. Sterol determination required direct hot saponification, unsaponifiable extraction with hexane, and the formation of trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether derivatives. The method allows the quantification of cholesterol, plant sterols and their metabolites (coprostanol, coprostanone, cholestanol, cholestanone, methylcoprostanol, methylcoprostanone, ethylcoprostenol, stigmastenol, ethylcoprostanol and ethylcoprostanone). Good linearity was obtained (r > 0.96) and interference was only observed for coprostanone, where the standard addition method proved necessary for quantification. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.10 to 3.88 µg/g dry feces and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) from 0.34 to 12.94 µg/g dry feces. Intra- and inter-assay precision (RSD %) were 0.9-9.2 and 2.1-11.3, respectively. Accuracy, expressed as percentage recovery (80-119%) was obtained for all determined sterols.

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Fecal Sterols Following a Diet with and without Plant Sterols

Cuevas-Tena

Alegrı́a

Lagarda

2017

Lipids

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“…Steryl-and stanyl fatty acid esters were kindly donated by Raisio Benecol Ltd. (Raisio, Finland). The other materials and reagents used in this study are described in detail in our previous publications [6,19,20].…”

Section: Materials and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adsorption chromatography was used for purifying phytosteryl and phytostanyl ester preparates from the proand antioxidants that may have derived from rapeseed oil. The purification method described earlier [20,22] was applied with minor modifications. In brief, a glass column (20 cm 6 2 cm i.d.)…”

Section: Purification Of Phytosteryl and Phytostanyl Ester Preparatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification affects phytosterol oxidation

Soupas

Huikko

Lampi

et al. 2005

Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol.

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The effect of esterification with rapeseed oil fatty acids on the oxidation reactions of sitosterol, campesterol and sitostanol was investigated, as well as the interactions between phytosterol/stanol compounds and the saturated lipid matrix at 100 7C and 180 7C. Free and esterified phytosterols differed in their reactivity in terms of the formation and profile of secondary oxidation products. Phytosteryl esters were more reactive than free phytosterols during prolonged heating at 100 7C. In contrast, free phytosterols were slightly more reactive than phytosteryl esters at 180 7C. The oxidation reactions of phytostanol compounds were low under all conditions studied. Changes in the phytosterol compounds during heating were also studied via the losses in the original phytosterol contents. This study revealed that the formation of secondary oxides did not account for all the phytosterol losses; this indicates the presence of other oxidation products, especially at 180 7C, and during the heating of free sitosterol. Thus, in order to understand the overall deterioration of phytosterol and phytostanol compounds, both the secondary oxide formation and the sterol loss need to be studied. The deterioration of the saturated lipid matrix used in this study was rather low and was mainly associated with the heating temperature and time.

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“…The final separation and quantitation of plant sterol oxidation products is usually performed by gas chromatography (GC) [5,[13][14][15][16][17] or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [18,19] employing different detectors. GC methods are commonly used for secondary oxidation products, but are not suitable for determination of thermolabile molecules such as hydroperoxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and decomposition of stigmasterol hydroperoxides and secondary oxidation products during thermo‐oxidation

Kemmo

Soupas

Lampi

et al. 2005

Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol.

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The oxidation mechanisms of stigmasterol at 100 and 180 7C were investigated by using the HPLC-UV-FL method. An overall picture of the oxidation status was achieved with a single HPLC analysis, enabling us to monitor the formation and decomposition of both primary and secondary oxidation products. The oxidation behavior of stigmasterol was different at the two temperatures. At 180 7C, the amounts of hydroperoxides increased sharply during the first 10 min and then began to decrease. At 100 7C, the amounts of hydroperoxides increased over the entire experimental period. At 180 7C, all major secondary oxidation products, except 7-ketostigmasterol, reached a plateau after 40 min of oxidation, while at 100 7C their amounts increased constantly. The same oxidation products were formed at both temperatures, but their distribution differed. At 180 7C, the formation of free radicals at position 7 was more favorable than formation of radicals at position 25. The situation was the opposite at 100 7C; radicals formed more easily at the tertiary position 25. At 180 7C, 7-ketostigmasterol was dominant after 40 min of oxidation, whereas at 100 7C it was the main oxidation product over the entire experiment.

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GC‐MS method for characterization and quantification of sitostanol oxidation products

Cited by 42 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of Fecal Sterols Following a Diet with and without Plant Sterols

Determination of Fecal Sterols Following a Diet with and without Plant Sterols

Esterification affects phytosterol oxidation

Formation and decomposition of stigmasterol hydroperoxides and secondary oxidation products during thermo‐oxidation

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