Gender and Racial Differences in Mathematical Performance

Abstract

The authors examined gender and racial differences in mathematics performance among 5th- and 8th-grade students in the United States. Math performance was assessed by scores on the math-concepts and math-computation sections of the California Achievement Test (CTB/McGraw-Hill, 1986) given at the end of the previous year. There were no significant gender differences, but in both grades, the White students scored significantly higher than the Black students. The racial differences were more pronounced in the scores for concepts than in the scores for computation. Responses to a parent questionnaire showed significant relationships between parents' self-reported math anxiety, parents' most advanced math course, and parents' education level in relation to the child's math performance. Differences in these relationships suggest that, although parents' beliefs and attitudes about math influence their child's math performance, the relationship is complex and may vary with race.

Determinants of Student Successes in Transition from Basic Education to Secondary Education (TEOG) Examination: An Analysis Related to Non-School Variables

“…Buna göre, anne-babaların eğitim seviyesi yükseldikçe çocukların akademik başarılarının bariz bir şekilde yükseldiği görülmektedir. Bu ilişkiyi doğrulayan başka araştırmalarda bulunmaktadır (Akyol, Sungur ve Tekkaya, 2010;DeGarmo, Forgatch ve Martinez, 1999;Hall, Davis, Bolen ve Chia, 1999;Hortaçsu, 1994;Kuyper, Van der Werf ve Lubbers, 2000;Öksüzler ve Sürekçi, 2010;Yılmaz, 2000). Bu araştırmalardan bazılarında çocuğun akademik başarısında annenin (Hall vd., 1999;Hortaçsu, 1994;Öksüzler ve Sürekçi, 2010;Yılmaz, 2000), bazılarında ise babanın (Alomar, 2006;Anıl, 2009;Hortaçsu, 1995;Keskin ve Sezgin, 2009;Özer ve Anıl, 2011) daha etkili olduğu bulunmuştur.…”

Science Anxiety and Gender in Students Taking General Education Science Courses

“…Further, there is a significant negative correlation for affective (emotional) anxiety and performance in math courses (Ho et al, 2000). In addition, parents' attitudes about math are a factor in math anxiety and test performance (Hall et al, 1999). The net result is both math avoidance and poor performance in math courses.…”

“…In particular, the role played by gender has been studied (Segal, 1987;Harrington et al, 1992;Hall et al, 1999;Ho et al, 2000). Studies of middle school students indicated that gender is a predictor of math anxiety.…”

Science and Mathematics Course Success of Elementary Students in Low Socio-Economic Status among 4th-8th Grades: Gender Perspective

“…Fakat bu sayısal alanlara karşı gerek yetenek, gerekse başarı açısından cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığını öne süren çalışmalara son yıllarda, hem fen (Cole, 1997;Keeves, 1992;Martin ve diğ., 2008;Spelke, 2005), hem de matematik (Beller ve Gafni, 1996;Hall, Davis, Bolen ve Chia, 1999;Hyde, Fennema ve Lamon, 1990;Mullis ve diğ., 2008;Sakız, 2012) literatüründe daha sık rastlanmaktadır. Hatta, fen ve matematik başarısı açısından kızlar lehine farklar bulan çalışmaların (Bulut, Gür ve Sriraman, 2010;Bursal, 2013; Eğitimi Araştırma ve Geliştirme Dairesi [EARGED], 2007a;Koca, 2011;Martin, Mullis, Foy ve Stanco, 2012;Mullis, Martin, Foy ve Arora, 2012;Özay, Ocak ve Ocak, 2003;Yıldırım, Yıldırım, Yetişir ve Ceylan, 2013) sayısının gittikçe arttığı da gözlenmektedir.…”