Gender peculiarities of the influence of training loads of different orientation on the indicators of mental performance of young sportsmen of adolescent age

Abstract

There are close associative relationships between physical and mental development of a person, and it has been established that systematic exercise has a positive effect on physical and mental performance. The purpose of the study is to identify the possibility of a specific effect of training loads of different orientation on the indicators of mental performance of young female athletes aged 13-15 years.
 The features of specific influence of training loads of different orientation on indicators of mental performance of young sportsmen of specialized boarding sports institutions are considered. The sportswomen of Brovary sports professional college (experimental group) (n=75) took part in the research, who according to the classification of sports by Dembo (1980) were divided into two groups: group A - speed and power sports (n=28); group B - endurance sports (n=47). The control group consisted of female students aged 13-15 years (n=30) who did not play sports. The mental performance of the subjects was assessed by the results of solving arithmetic problems. A comparative analysis of changes in the indicators of mental performance of the subjects is given. It is revealed that the specificity of the training process leaves an imprint on the nature of changes in the indicators of the mentioned performance in young female athletes aged 13-15 years. The orientation of the training process specializes the peculiarities of the development of mental performance of young sportsmen of adolescent age. Under the influence of training loads mainly aimed at developing the quality of endurance, there is an improvement in mental performance (there is a significant decrease in the indicator of time of solving problems and a decrease in the number of errors made during testing), while under the influence of loads of speed and power character there are insignificant changes in the average values of time of solving problems and a significant increase in the number of errors made.