Gendered Patterns of Time Use over the Life Cycle in Turkey

Kongar, Ebru; Memiş, Emel

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-56837-3_15

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Age is also a variable in direct and indirect caregiving activities, as the hours dedicated to these activities increase with age (Duque García, 2015;DANE, 2015;Moreno-Salamanca, 2018;Osorio Pérez, 2015). The difference between men and women has been studied in issues related to the labor market due to the existing gap between men and women in labor supply (Pérez, 2016;Restrepo et al, 2015;Molinos, 2012;Martínez, 2013;Kongar & Memiş, 2017;Castro et al, 2011). In terms of caregiving, time-use surveys reveal a wide divergence in the number of hours devoted to caregiving by men and women (Moreno-Salamanca, 2018;Osorio Pérez, 2015;Shimizutani et al, 2008;Sánchez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Model and Data Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of home care activities on labor participation in a developing country

Fajardo Hoyos,

Mora Rodríguez

2024

Economics &Amp; Sociology

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This article analyzes the differences in labor participation due to home care activities in Colombia. Indirect and direct care activities can be inside or outside the market sphere. For example, a domestic service worker provides indirect and, sometimes, direct care services. A high percentage of care activities are delegated to women because these tasks are supposedly proper for their gender and are a natural part of their daily lives. To understand the disadvantaged position of women in the labor market, their participation in unpaid work must be considered. Our results show that gender stereotypes continue to overburden Colombian women in unpaid activities. Variables such as age, schooling, sex, and household headship are relevant when direct and indirect caregiving activities are included in the analysis of labor participation.

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Section: Model and Data Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of home care activities on labor participation in a developing country

Fajardo Hoyos,

Mora Rodríguez

2024

Economics &Amp; Sociology

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“…Analysis of data from the 2006 TTUS shows that mothers of preschool-age children (ages 0-5) spend 2 hours and 34 minutes in parental child caregiving, which is nearly five times more than fathers who spend only 32 minutes on these activities (Kongar and Memiş 2017). When the changes in the demographic composition of mothers and fathers are controlled for, gender differences in the unpaid work burden between married parents of preschool-age children remains unchanged between 2006 and 2015 (Kongar and Memiş 2020). Mothers' heavy care work burden reflects institutional constraints, particularly gender-asymmetric parental leave policies and insufficient public provision of affordable and quality childcare and adult care services (İlkkaracan 2012;Kongar and Memis 2017).…”

Section: Institutional Context Of Childcare In Turkeymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impact of Daycare Closures on Parental Child Caregiving in Turkey

Memiş

Kongar

2020

SSRN Journal

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“…It is a particularly compelling issue since the gender division of household work is unequal between men and women in Turkey. The degree of inequality is lower if both parents are employed, but it still prevails (Kongar and Memiş 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motherhood wage penalty in Turkey

Değirmenci¹

2022

New Perspect. Turk.

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Women with children, on average, earn lower wages than those who do not have children. This is called the “motherhood wage penalty”. This study provides estimates of the wage penalty for working mothers in Turkey using the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS), 2014–2018. The gross wage penalty is 21.3 percent, but it is entirely explained by human capital variables: education, marital status, and potential experience in the pooled cross-section. The bulk of the gross penalty is attributable to the higher educational attainment of the subsample of non-mothers compared to mothers. When the wage-setting mechanisms in the public versus private sectors, and differences in fertility exposure by age cohort conditional on education are accounted for, a clearer picture emerges. Empirical findings indicate that the wage penalty does not exist for mothers employed in the public sector but that there is a 3 percent penalty for mothers working in the private sector, with the highest value being 6.1 percent for university-educated young mothers. In addition, wage losses are higher for the younger age cohort, presumably due to leaves of absence from work for time spent caring for young children, which lead to skill erosion.

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Gendered Patterns of Time Use over the Life Cycle in Turkey

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of home care activities on labor participation in a developing country

Effect of home care activities on labor participation in a developing country

Potential Impact of Daycare Closures on Parental Child Caregiving in Turkey

The motherhood wage penalty in Turkey

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