Gene-Based Approaches to Bone Regeneration

Kerman, Gözde; Rajesh, Anthuvan; Remant, K C; Uludağ, Hasan

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20777-3_20

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This property indicates the importance of the number of primary amine groups within the PLL backbone of the complex. 23 Although the use of high-molecular-weight PLL as a gene carrier has some desirable properties, the PLL/DNA complexes induce relatively high cytotoxicity and indicates a tendency to aggregate and precipitate depending on the ionic strength. 24 Indeed, PLL complexes with low molecular weight PLL are affected by the complement system in vitro, and more likely to be less soluble and aggregate in vivo; thus, they are quickly eliminated from the blood circulation by Kupffer cells of the liver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and comparison of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic effects of poly-l-lysine/plasmid DNA micro- and nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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The principal impediment to gene therapy is the development of efficient, nontoxic gene carriers that can handle and deliver foreign genetic materials into various cell types, including healthy and cancerous cells. Poly-l-lysine (PLL) polymers are one of the most favorable gene carriers among nonviral vectors, and PLL had low transfection and safety issues. The purpose of this study was to measure cellular toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptotic effects of PLL nanoparticles. Neuro2A mammalian cells were cultured and exposed to PLL/DNA complexes at different polymer/DNA ratios ( C/ P ratio 2 and 6) for 24 h. To evaluate metabolic activity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic influences of PLL nanoparticle, the following experimental methods were employed, in order: 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), DNA damage (COMET analysis) assay, and sub-G1 peak apoptosis assay. Our data indicate that toxicity is concentration dependent and a high concentration of polymer declined the metabolic activity. In addition, largest complexes ( C/ P 6 in HEPES buffered saline buffer) have slighter negative impact on metabolic activity. In agreement with our cytotoxicity data, apoptotic assay result represented that increase in size of PLL/DNA complexes decrease the number of apoptotic cells. Also, there was a remarkable increase in percent tail DNA of Neuro2A cells treated with higher concentration of PLL and its polyplexes. The present study demonstrated that PLL/DNA complexes caused cytotoxic, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects in a dose-dependent and weight ratio-dependent manner, which also affected the size of polyplexes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and comparison of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic effects of poly-l-lysine/plasmid DNA micro- and nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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“…These are long, short, flat, or irregular bones, which can be one of two structures; cancellous (trabecular pattern) and cortical (compact pattern) bones. 1,2 Cancellous bone has a woven structure composed of random collagen bundles and osteoblasts, positioned in irregularly shaped vessels. 3 Typically, either during embryogenesis or healing processes, woven bones are built or replaced with lamellar bone structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 In addition to providing structural support, spongy cancellous bone has a 50–90 vol% porosity and continuously similarly remodels itself. 1,2,6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cells that create the basic multicellular unit (BMU) include osteoblast and osteoclasts, which are associated with bone formation and bone resorption, respectively. 1,8 Osteoblasts are differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that synthesize an un-mineralized organic matrix, which then becomes mineralized, while osteoclasts are differentiated monocyte-macrophage cells that remove old matrix under the effect of paracrine hormones and nuclear factor-κB ligands. 6 Some fraction of osteoblasts matures into osteocytes to fill the bone matrix, while others remain as lining cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the excellent intrinsic ability of bone to repair itself, in the case of critical-sized bone defects caused by traumas, aging, or degenerative diseases, the natural regenerative ability is insufficient, and external intervention is needed to restore the normal function of the tissue. 1,9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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