Gene expression of selected apoptotic markers in human oral squamous carcinoma HSC-3 cell line treated with Myrmecodia pendans plant extract

Abstract

Background: Myrmecodia pendans (M. pendans), or Sarang Semut, is an epiphyte with anticancer potential. It was recently reported that it induces apoptotic activity in the human oral squamous carcinoma (HSC-3) cell line. This study aimed to investigate the effect of M. pendans treated samples on the expression of apoptotic markers, Bax and Bcl-2. Methods: M. pendans was purchased from West Papua, Indonesia. The hypocotyl was dried thoroughly and then extracted aqueously. The apoptotic activity was detected via flow cytometry. Bax and Bcl-2 expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Results of our cell cycle analysis reveal that aqueous extract of M. pendans induced apoptosis in 2.5 and 5 mg/mL but no change between these two concentrations. Apoptosis was observed at 24 h but not at 48 h. Bax and Bcl-2 expression in HSC-3 cells was affected by M. pendans. At 24 h, upregulation of Bax was observed at 2.5 mg/mL. However, after 48 h, Bax expression showed no changes at any concentration. Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated after 48 h of treatment. Conclusions: M. pendans extract induced apoptosis in HSC-3 cells, which might occur via the proapoptotic (Bax) and antiapoptotic (Bcl-2) pathways.

Potential of Indonesian Herbal as an Anti-Cancer Therapy: A Systemic Review of in vitro Studies

“…Apoptosis, or cell death, is a closely controlled process that is initiated by either of the following two pathways: the death receptor (extrinsic) or the mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway. 28 The anti-cancer activity widely reported in this systematic review is by inhibiting cell proliferation through intrinsic pathways.…”

“…The bioactive compounds of kaempferol and quercetin induce increased caspase-8 and −9 activity The kaempferol and quarcetin compounds of acetylacetic extract Rasamala leaf can inhibit the proliferation of human SP-C1 tongue cancer cells in vitro 21. Lestari W, et al 28 2019 S1 Myrmecodia pendans (sarang semut) Note: Aqua extract Bintuni (West Papua) HSC-3 cell Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Flow cytometric analysis and qRT-PCR Inhibits cell proliferation of SP-C1 cancer cell The IC50 value of kaempferol from Rasamala leaf extract is 2.50 μM; while the IC50 quarcetin value of Rasamala leaf extract is 2.31 μM Quarcetin has a higher cytotoxic effect than kaempferol in Rasamala leaf extract, but both have a high cytotoxic effect 22. Wihadmadyatami H, et al 29 2019 Q1 Ocimum sanctum Linn.…”

“…The two stages of quantitative RT-PCR analysis are as follows: ribonucleic acid (RNA) samples are reverse transcribed into complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA), and then the qRT-PCR assay is used to analyze the results. 28 …”

“…The two stages of quantitative RT-PCR analysis are as follows: ribonucleic acid (RNA) samples are reverse transcribed into complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA), and then the qRT-PCR assay is used to analyze the results. 28 Apoptosis is a highly regulated process of cell death. It takes place both during typical cell development and morphogenesis as well as as part of the cell's response to stress and injury.…”

Medicinal Properties of Ant Nest Plant (Myrmecodia Genus): A Comprehensive Review

“…Many assays have been used to evaluate the toxicity activities of Myrmecodia species that associated with the potential of anticancer activity. Some crude extracts and compounds showed the inhibitory activity against various in vitro cancer cell lines (Table 2) [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58]. Besides, Suharyanto and Purwono reported that M. pendens had effective anticancer activity in vivo model series.…”