Gene expression profiling in male genital lichen sclerosus

Edmonds, E. V. J.; Barton, Geraint; Buisson, Sandrine; Francis, N.; Gotch, Frances; Gamé, Laurence; Haddad, Munther J.; Dinneen, M; Bunker, C.B.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2613.2011.00779.x

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…2,8 -10,14 -16,18 To date, there is only 1 study addressing preputial LS on a molecular level in adults and children by gene chip analysis. 26 In that series no typical autoimmune gene expression pattern was evident, but a nonspecific inflammatory tissue response was reported. However, no detailed data on gene expression results or target genes were given.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Congenital Phimosis in Patients With and Without Lichen Sclerosus: Distinct Expression Patterns of Tissue Remodeling Associated Genes

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Congenital Phimosis in Patients With and Without Lichen Sclerosus: Distinct Expression Patterns of Tissue Remodeling Associated Genes

et al. 2013

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“…And what of autoimmunity? Epiphenomenon; chronic itiflammation exposes epitopes that elicit autoreactivity in those genetically predisposed and this may compound the infiammatory process (11,12). Occam's razor (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam's razor) favours the urinary contact hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Voiding Symptomatology (Micro-incontinence) in Male Genital Lichen Sclerosus

Bunker¹,

Patel²,

Shim³

2013

Acta Derm Venerol

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Male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc) is responsible for male dyspareunia, urological morbidity and squamous carcinoma of the penis. The aetiology is essentially unknown but an autoimmune mechanism is most favoured. The first author of this paper (CBB) has argued that chronic, occluded, exposure of susceptible epithelium to urine is perniciously central to the pathogenesis (1-3). MGLSc never occurs in men who were circumcised at birth; it is associated with trauma, instrumentation, genital jewelry (piercing), and gross anatomical abnormalities (e.g. fi-ank hypospadias); it recurs in grafts, and it rarely causes perianal disease: in striking contrast with women, the male perineum is rarely chronically exposed to urinary irritation (3). Sub-preputial wetness has been associated with foreskin length and balanitis (4, 5), however GLSc has not been linked to napkin or diaper dermatitis in children although there has been a report associating it with incontinence in the elderly (6).Symptomatology associated with the leaking or dribbling of small amotmts of urine (micro-incontinence) in men may not be readily volunteered or elicited. However, it has become apparent to CBB over many years of interviewing men with GLSc that such symptomatology is frequently present. METHODSTo attempt to quantify the presence of this symptomatology in MGLSc 3 approaches to the clinical records of cases were employed.Firstly, we scrutinised the Male Genital Dermatoses Clinic (MGDC) at one of our institutions. The work load of this clinic has been described (7) as has the spécifie experience of MGLSc (3). For the last four years, each new case presenting to the weekly MGDC has been assessed by the attending physician using a routine, standard, structured form to record symptoms and signs. The patient is asked specifically about his urinary voiding patterns and habits; explicit questions are asked about post-mieturition micro-incontinence (i.e. leaking or dribbling of small quantities of urine from the urinary meatus). Over a 12 month period, all those patients, uncircumeised at presentation, diagnosed with imequivocal MGLSc (diagnosed either by punch biopsy or post-circumcision preputial specimen histologieal analysis) were identified at follow-up. A similar number of patients with an unequivocal alternative diagnosis was identified. The initial clerking forms of these MGLSc and non-MGLSc cases were then inspected to determine their presenting symptomatology.The second approach was to review the initial clerking forms of all new cases of male genital skin disease seen in 4 consecutive MGDCs and correlate the responses to the questions about voiding with the working clinical diagnosis in each case.Finally, we retrospectively reviewed the records and/or clinic letters of all the patients diagnosed clinically with MGLSc in the general dermatology clinics done by one of us in another institution over a one-year period. RESULTSIn the first study (from Spring 2010 to Spring 2011) 17 patients (mean age±SD 45.9 ±14.4 years) were identified with hist...

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“…Hence, the aetiological factors and precancerous character of LS in men remain poorly understood, with only a few studies of the molecular alterations of these lesions having been published . Edmonds et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the aetiological factors and precancerous nature of LS in men remain poorly understood, with few studies of the molecular alterations related to malignancy in penile LS . Hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes involved in essential cell functions is one of the most common alterations in cancer, including penile cancer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene hypermethylation in genital lichen sclerosus and cancer: a comparative study

et al. 2013

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Gene expression profiling in male genital lichen sclerosus

Cited by 42 publications

References 36 publications

Congenital Phimosis in Patients With and Without Lichen Sclerosus: Distinct Expression Patterns of Tissue Remodeling Associated Genes

Congenital Phimosis in Patients With and Without Lichen Sclerosus: Distinct Expression Patterns of Tissue Remodeling Associated Genes

Urinary Voiding Symptomatology (Micro-incontinence) in Male Genital Lichen Sclerosus

Differential gene hypermethylation in genital lichen sclerosus and cancer: a comparative study

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