Gene response in rice plants treated with continuous fog influenced by pH, was similar to that treated with biotic stress

Abstract

BackgroundThroughout Asia, including Japan, rice plants are cultivated in a wide range of areas from lowlands to highlands and are frequently exposed to fog, including acid fog. Some physiological studies have shown that acid fog can be a stress factor for plants. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of rice plants treated with artificially prepared simulated acid fog (SiAF) or simulated neutral fog (SiNF) for 1 or 7 days.ResultsMicroarray analysis results suggested that both the SiAF and the SiNF treatments induced the expression of genes involved in the defense and stress responses in rice plants. Induction of such genes was detected in plants treated with SiAF for 1 day, and the number of induced genes increased in plants treated with SiAF for 7 days. The genes for defense and stress responses were also induced by SiNF for 7 days, although they were not induced by SiNF for 1 day. The gene expression profiles of the SiAF-treated and the SiNF-treated plants were compared to those of plants treated with other stress factors. The comparison revealed that both SiAF and SiNF treatments have similar effects to biotic stresses and ozone stress. The genes encoding NADPH oxidase and germin, which function in apoplasts, were also induced by SiAF, SiNF and biotic stresses.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that both the SiAF and the SiNF treatments may result in oxidative stress through the apoplastic production of reactive oxygen species.

Preliminary responses of some Thai rice cultivars to simulated acid rain stress during seed germination

“…Cluster analysis revealed that rice cultivars responded differently to simulated acid rain. Satoh et al [23] suggested that simulated acid fog treatments induced the expression of genes involved in the defense and stress responses in rice plants.…”

“…Simulated acid rain at pH < 1.5 caused changes in the metabolism of the antioxidative system of Georgia wheat species [26]. Satoh et al [23] revealed that simulated acid fog caused similar responses to biotic stresses and ozone stress. The apoplast genes encoding NADPH oxidase and germin were also induced by simulated acid fog and biotic stresses.…”

Growth Analysis of Wheat Using Machine Vision: Opportunities and Challenges

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