General and specific cognitive deficits in schizophrenia

Dickinson, Dwight; Iannone, Virginia N.; Wilk, Christopher M.; Gold, James M.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(03)80916-7

Cited by 63 publications

(79 citation statements)

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“…The performance of PIQ is significantly lower than VIQ, and the Processing Speed is the lowest of 4 indexes. The results are consistent with the past findings [9,[14][15][16][17][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Applied Short-Form WAIS-III to Explore Global Cognitive Profile of the Patients with Schizophrenia

Lin¹,

Lin²,

Hung³

et al. 2017

Neuropsychiatry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Applied Short-Form WAIS-III to Explore Global Cognitive Profile of the Patients with Schizophrenia

Lin¹,

Lin²,

Hung³

et al. 2017

Neuropsychiatry

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“…However, analyses of the cognitive deficits found in patients compared to controls suggest that impairment on a single common factor accounts for the vast majority of the between-group difference on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Wechsler, 1997a) and Wechsler Memory Scale (Wechsler, 1997b) subtests, with more specific domains contributing very little unique between group variance (Dickinson et al, 2004). More recent approaches using CFA suggest a more generalized latent structure of cognitive ability in schizophrenia than in healthy subjects (Dickinson et al, in press).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Neurocognitive Deficits in the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial

Keefe

Bilder²,

Harvey

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

422

293

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Neurocognition is moderately to severely impaired in patients with schizophrenia. However, the factor structure of the various neurocognitive deficits, the relationship with symptoms and other variables, and the minimum amount of testing required to determine an adequate composite score has not been determined in typical patients with schizophrenia. An 'all-comer' approach to cognition is needed, as provided by the baseline assessment of an unprecedented number of patients in the CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness) schizophrenia trial. From academic sites and treatment providers representative of the community, 1493 patients with chronic schizophrenia were entered into the study, including those with medical comorbidity and substance abuse. Eleven neurocognitive tests were administered, resulting in 24 individual scores reduced to nine neurocognitive outcome measures, five domain scores and a composite score. Despite minimal screening procedures, 91.2% of patients provided meaningful neurocognitive data. Exploratory principal components analysis yielded one factor accounting for 45% of the test variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that a single-factor model comprised of five domain scores was the best fit. The correlations among the factors were medium to high, and scores on individual factors were very highly correlated with the single composite score. Neurocognitive deficits were modestly correlated with negative symptom severity (r ¼ 0.13-0.27), but correlations with positive symptom severity were near zero (ro0.08). Even in an 'all-comer' clinical trial, neurocognitive deficits can be assessed in the overwhelming majority of patients, and the severity of impairment is similar to meta-analytic estimates. Multiple analyses suggested that a broad cognitive deficit characterizes this sample. These deficits are modestly related to negative symptoms and essentially independent of positive symptom severity.

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“…If within group cognitive ability is generalized in schizophrenia, in the same way that the between group cognitive deficit appears to be (Dickinson et al, 2004), then questions arise concerning the nature of this generalized phenomenon. One way of under-standing it relates to traditional neuropsychological test batteries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on prior findings of significant method variance in pairs of variables from a single test (Dickinson et al, 2004;Gladsjo et al, 2004), we allowed unique (or error) parameters to covary for four pairs of variables in all models (i.e., the CVLT, Logical Memory, Trail Making Test, and WCST variables, see Table 1). Several widely-used measures were used to index overall goodness of fit of the estimated model variance-covariance matrix to the observed matrix.…”

Section: Cfamentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of cognitive structure in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using confirmatory factor analysis

Dickinson

Ragland

Calkins

et al. 2006

Schizophrenia Research

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There is evidence that cognitive task performance breaks down into the same broad domains in schizophrenia as in healthy populations. However, this does not mean that the domains are independent of one another or that the interrelationships among domains are the same between groups. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to compare the latent structure of a broad neuropsychological battery in schizophrenia patients (n =148) and healthy controls (n =157). Main analyses examined the fit of a hierarchical six-factor model, in which associations among the factors were assumed to reflect their strong shared relationship to a general cognitive ability factor. The model incorporated the factors of verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, verbal memory, spatial memory, processing speed, and executive/working memory. The hierarchical model provided a good overall fit to data from both groups. However multiple groups CFA revealed significant differences in factor loadings between groups, reflecting a more generalized latent structure of cognitive ability in schizophrenia. This was also evident in higher bivariate correlations among cognitive domain composite scores calculated from the observed test data. Cognitive ability, as reflected in test performance, appears to be more unitary in schizophrenia than in healthy subjects. This finding may have measurement and treatment implications.

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General and specific cognitive deficits in schizophrenia

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Applied Short-Form WAIS-III to Explore Global Cognitive Profile of the Patients with Schizophrenia

Applied Short-Form WAIS-III to Explore Global Cognitive Profile of the Patients with Schizophrenia

Baseline Neurocognitive Deficits in the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial

A comparison of cognitive structure in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using confirmatory factor analysis

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