Key Points• Human Fc␥RI can trigger antibody-induced inflammatory arthritis, thrombocytopenia, airway inflammation, and systemic anaphylaxis.• Human Fc␥RI can trigger antibody-mediated immunotherapy of mouse metastatic melanoma.Receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc␥Rs) are mandatory for the induction of various IgG-dependent models of autoimmunity, inflammation, anaphylaxis, and cancer immunotherapy. A few Fc␥Rs have the ability to bind monomeric IgG: high-affinity mouse mFc␥RI, mFc␥RIV, and human hFc␥RI. All others bind IgG only when aggregated in complexes or bound to cells or surfaces: low-affinity mouse mFc␥RIIB and mFc␥RIII and human hFc␥RIIA/B/C and hFc␥RIIIA/B. Although it has been proposed that high-affinity Fc␥Rs are occupied by circulating IgG, multiple roles for mFc␥RI and mFc␥RIV have been reported in vivo. However, the potential roles of hFc␥RI that is expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils have not been reported. In the present study, we therefore investigated the role of hFc␥RI in antibody-mediated models of disease and therapy by generating hFc␥RI-transgenic mice deficient for multiple endogenous FcRs. hFc␥RI was sufficient to trigger autoimmune arthritis and thrombocytopenia, immune complex-induced airway inflammation, and active and passive systemic anaphylaxis. We found monocyte/macrophages to be responsible for thrombocytopenia, neutrophils to be responsible for systemic anaphylaxis, and both cell types to be responsible for arthritis induction.