1999
DOI: 10.1021/cr9600767
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Generation, Characterization, and Transformations of Unsaturated Carbenium Ions in Zeolites

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Cited by 133 publications
(125 citation statements)
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“…Figure 4 depicts the induction periods (black) and active periods (red) of catalysts deactivated by the three different methanol purities as measured by on‐line mass spectrometry. Feedstock impurities clearly have an effect on the induction period as previously reported 40, 61, 62, 63, 64. The results summarized in Figure 4 show that methanol feedstock (U), containing very few impurities, has the longest induction and active periods.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 75%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Figure 4 depicts the induction periods (black) and active periods (red) of catalysts deactivated by the three different methanol purities as measured by on‐line mass spectrometry. Feedstock impurities clearly have an effect on the induction period as previously reported 40, 61, 62, 63, 64. The results summarized in Figure 4 show that methanol feedstock (U), containing very few impurities, has the longest induction and active periods.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 75%
“…Highly poly‐methylated benzenes have been determined to be active species in the formation of olefins and have been suggested to absorb light between 390–400 nm 24, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61. More specifically, some characterization studies suggest that the more active, highly methylated benzenes absorb light around 390 nm, whereas the non‐active, less‐methylated naphthalenic species absorb light near 400 nm 17, 20, 49, 61. This spectral shift from 390 to 400 nm is also observed in the data shown in Figure 1 h, indicated by a dotted line.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…12 These data suggest that adsorbed species with varying extent of unsaturation and size coexist during reactions of hydrocarbons on zeolitic acids and that their size and hydrogen content influence the nature of their chemical reactions. 12 The hydrogen chemical potential within this pool of reactive adsorbed species determines the degree of saturation in these intermediates and the products they form. High hydrogen chemical potentials tend to lead to saturated adsorbed species and to hydrogen-rich products, while low hydrogen potentials favor more unsaturated intermediates, which desorb as alkenes or aromatics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 85%
“…10,11 UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy studies have detected the presence of unsaturated alkenyl carbenium ions during interactions of propene with H-ZSM5. 12 These studies have shown that oligomeric carbenium ions with 6-9 carbon atoms act as persistent carbocations, from which smaller molecules can form via -scission pathways. Mono-, di-, and trienyl carbenium ions have also been detected during adsorption of propene on H-Na-Y.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The UV/vis response (not shown) is in very good agreement with monoenyl (300 nm), dienyl (360 nm), and trienyl (460 nm) carbenium ions reported in the literature for various alkene/ zeolite combinations. 22,23 Note that fluorescence cross sections are considerably (up to 10 orders of magnitude) larger than Raman scattering cross sections. Therefore, the absence of bands characteristic for such conjugated systems in the CARS spectra between −1505 and −1580 cm −1 22,24 does not exclude formation of small amounts of such species, below the CARS detection limit of a few millimoles.…”
Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%