Genes Expressed in the Overwinter Buds of Gentian (Gentiana spp.): Application to Taxonomic, Phylogenetic, and Phylogeographical Analyses

Tsutsumi, Ken‐ichi; Hikage, Takashi

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54010-3_9

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In natural habitats, the root appears to be the organ possessing morphogenetic potential which is expressed in development and growth of overwintering buds on the basal tuber and the uppermost part of the roots in early summer (Tsutsumi and Hikage, 2014). This phenomenon can be observed under in vitro conditions, where it leads to shoot regeneration.…”

Section: Explants Considered For Embryogenic Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The family Gentianaceae consists of 1736 species, which play an important role in human being existence due to their pharmacological and horticultural values. Many species accumulate bitter iridoid substances used medicinally and in flavorings, while others are cultivated because of beauty of their flowers showing a wide range of colors and patterns. Out of 99 genera belonging to the gentian family, process of somatic embryogenesis (SE) was reported for 5. The first reports, aimed at micropropagation of ornamental cultivars and production of secondary metabolites, concerned Centaurium erythraea Rafn., Eustoma russellianum Grieseb. and Exacum affine Balf. Somatic embryos were induced on different explants cultured in the liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxins and cytokinins. In the 1990s of the last century, significant progress in the exploration of the phenomenon of SE and its biotechnological application was made for the genus Gentiana . The process was induced on various explants and studied at the structural and ultrastructural levels. Regenerated plants were screened for genetic stability using flow cytometry, chromosome counting, and molecular markers. Besides typical indirect SE, the use of leaf fragments enabled to obtain single-cell origin of somatic embryos. On the other hand, proliferation of embryogenic callus in liquid medium resulted in the establishment of long-term embryogenic cell suspension cultures, paving the way not only to study the formation of somatic embryos and the development of regenerants but also to preserve the morphogenic potential of cell aggregates by cryopreservation. Cell suspensions re-established after storage in liquid nitrogen maintained their embryogenic character and allowed to obtain somatic embryo-derived regenerants that were true-to-type at both genetic and epigenetic levels. Another application of SE was related to genetic manipulation purposes. Efficient protocols of plant regeneration from callus-, cell suspension-, or leaf mesophyll-derived protoplasts allowed engaging procedures of somatic hybridization or protoplast electroporation for gentian genome modifications. Also, high embryogenic potential existing in the numerous gentian species enabled successful Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of G. cruciata L. and G. dahurica Fisch.

show abstract

Section: Explants Considered For Embryogenic Culture Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Allelic variants of the esterase gene W14/15 differentially regulate overwinter survival in perennial gentian (Gentiana L.)

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Overwinter survival has to be under critical regulation in the lifecycle of herbaceous perennial plants. Gentians (Gentiana L.) maintain their perennial life style through producing dormant and freezing-tolerant overwinter buds (OWBs) to overcome cold winter. However, the mechanism acting on such an overwinter survival and the genes/proteins contributing to it have been poorly understood. Previously, we identified an OWB-enriched protein W14/15, a member of a group of α/β hydrolase fold superfamily that is implicated in regulation of hormonal action in plants. The W14/15 gene has more than ten variant types in Gentiana species. However, roles of the W14/15 gene in OWB survival and functional difference among those variants have been unclear. In the present study, we examined whether the W14/15 gene variants are involved in the mechanism acting on overwinter survival, by crossing experiments using cultivars carrying different W14/15 variant alleles and virus-induced gene silencing experiments. We found that particular types of the W14/15 variants (W15a types) contributed toward obtaining high ability of overwinter survival, while other types (W14b types) did not, or even interfered with the former type gene. This study demonstrates two findings; first, contribution of esterase genes to winter hardiness, and second, paired set or paired partner among the allelic variants determines the ability of overwinter survival.

show abstract

Genes Expressed in the Overwinter Buds of Gentian (Gentiana spp.): Application to Taxonomic, Phylogenetic, and Phylogeographical Analyses

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

Somatic Embryogenesis in the Family Gentianaceae and Its Biotechnological Application

Allelic variants of the esterase gene W14/15 differentially regulate overwinter survival in perennial gentian (Gentiana L.)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About