Genetic and Component Content Differentiation between Wild and Cultivated Populations of <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and Related Species Used as <i>Chishao</i> and <i>Baishao</i> in China

Abstract

One hundred and forty-four samples of Chishao and Baishao, which represented six species of Paeonia L. were evaluated for their genetic variation, genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationship, based on the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Samples from representative of the population were then used to do a cultivation comparison experiment, and then to identify the contents of the active ingredients. The results showed there were differences in the haplotype distribution and frequency between populations of Chishao and Baishao. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated statistically significant (p<0.001) genetic differentiation between the populations of wild and cultivated Paeonia lactiflora PALL. The albiflorin content between Chishao and Baishao was also significantly different (p<0.05). All the results clearly illustrate that currently cultivated P. lactiflora cannot be used as a substitute for Chishao.

A Pharmacological Review of Bioactive Constituents ofPaeonia lactifloraPallas andPaeonia veitchiiLynch

“…Chemical classification using HPLC analysis shows two P. lactiflora intraspecies subgroups exist, grown geographically in either the north or south of China (Wang et al ., ; Zhu et al ., ). As yet, there is no consistent consensus determining a therapeutically superior variety, although of the P. lactiflora geographical varieties, a rare form farmed from Duolun has been identified as most characterizing the red variety ( chishao ) (Zhou et al ., ).…”

Efficacy, Chemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Actions of Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Radix Paeoniae Alba

“…RPR is mostly wild and does not need to be processed. In contrast, RPA is mostly cultivated (Wang et al, 2014a), and it takes a series of complicated processing procedures such as soaking, scraping, and cooking before it is used as a medicine. In addition, volatile components are lost extremely easily during processing, and chemical conversions may occur (Zhu et al, 2018).…”

Application of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS with chemometric analysis and network pharmacology for comparison of different species: Paeonia lactiflora Pall. as an example

“…3 The distinction between Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) and Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) was first articulated in the ''Noteson the Shennong's Herbal Scriptures'' written by Tao Hong Jing during the Liang Dynasty. 4 Historical and geographical dynamics, population migration, and alterations in the geographical origins have prompted the progressive delineation of peony into PRA and PRR. PRA is the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., a plant of the family Paeoniaceae; PRR is the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., or Paeonia veitchii Lynch.…”