Genetic and Environmental Effects on Fatty Acid Composition in Soybeans with Potential Use in the Automotive Industry

Abstract

Environmental effects on quantitative traits such as seed oil fatty acid composition in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] can significantly affect the performance of a given genotype when exposed to varying growing conditions. High linoleic acid oils have the potential to be used as raw materials for the production of polyols and polyurethane that can be used in the automotive industry. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the sources of variation affecting seed oil fatty acids profiles and (ii) to evaluate stability of soybean genotypes with different fatty acids across different environments. Fifty‐six soybean genotypes with altered fatty acid composition selected from two recombinant inbred line populations segregating for saturated and linoleic acids were used along with commercial high yielding cultivars. All genotypes were evaluated in southwestern Ontario, Canada, at three locations in 2008 and two locations in 2009, and data was collected for fatty acid composition as well as other seed and agronomic traits. Combined analysis of variances showed significant location and genotype × location effects for stearic and oleic acids. Genotype × environment effect was significant for unsaturated fatty acids plus seed oil and protein concentrations. The effect of genotype × year was significant for unsaturated fatty acids. Stability analyses using Francis and Kannenberg's mean coefficient of variation stability, Shukla's stability variance statistic (σ2), and Lin and Binns cultivar superiority measure identified genotypes E‐49 and E‐14 as being superior for high linoleic and low saturated fatty acids oil production for potential use in the automotive industry.

Fennel oil and by-products seed characterization and their potential applications

“…Our overall results regarding oil content and composition are within the range of prior studies where oil content ranged from 12.2 to 22.8% and the amount of petroselinic acid up was to 80% (Ali et al, 2016;Matthäus and Musazcan Özcan, 2015). However, many studies em phasized the effect of genetic characteristics and agronomic traits on vegetable oil yield and composition (Beyer et al, 2015;Hemingway et al, 2015). On the other hand, our results prove also that fennel seed oil is no less important than coriander seed oil in terms of yield and (Sebaaly et al, 2014).…”

Natural Variation in Fatty Acid Composition of Diverse World Soybean Germplasms Grown in China

“…The stability of soybean accessions varies greatly under different environmental conditions [62]. The coefficient of variation (CV) of each seed fatty acid was used to reflect the stability of the fatty acid levels, as a lower CV represents higher stability for a cultivar in different environments [63][64][65]. The means of the five seed fatty acids were plotted against their CVs to show how much the desirable level of each fatty acid was stable within each germplasm origin ( Figure 4A-E).…”

Screening of early maturing soybean genotypes for production of high quality edible oil

“…According to Russo (2009) and Williams et al (2011), lowering linoleic:linolenic acid value in human diets towards one increases protection against certain degenerative pathologies, but since some of the most common oils in human diets such as soybean, corn, sunflower and safflower are all rich in linoleic acid, the balance between linoleic and linolenic acids can be achieved by incorporating more dietary sources abundant in linolenic acid, such as linseed and rapeseed oil, as well as fish and shellfish (Russo, 2009). As a result of all aforementioned, the changes occurring in consumer preferences for soybean oil and the world market for oilseed products becoming ever more competitive, the emphasis in breeding soybean should be put not only on increasing seed yield as the main objective for all breeding programmes, but also on increasing soybean oil quality and modifying the fatty acid composition to meet the demands of industry and end-users alike (Hemingway et al, 2015). These changes can be achieved by means of conventional breeding and genetic engineering (Fehr, 2007;Cober et al, 2009), both of which require favourable gene pool concerning the given trait.…”