Genetic and environmental variability in starch, fatty acids and mineral nutrients composition in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp)

Oluwatosin, Olusola Bayo

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199809)78:1<1::aid-jsfa47>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, for oleic acid, the variance due to environment and genotype were similar (40% and 35%, respectively). Similar constraints have been reported for studies in soybean [ 57 , 58 , 59 ] and cowpea [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. To date, there have been few, if any, detailed genetic studies to determine genetic, non-genetic, or GxE interactions for any trait in bambara groundnut.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

Halimi

Raymond

Barkla

et al. 2021

Foods

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The underutilised grain legume bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) has the potential to contribute significantly to nutritional security. However, the lack of commercial cultivars has hindered its wider adoption and utilisation as a food source. The development of competitive cultivars is impeded by (1) lack of systematic data describing variation in nutritional composition within the gene pool, and (2) a poor understanding of how concentrations of different nutritional components interact. In this study, we analysed seed lipid and protein concentration and lipid composition within a collection of 100 lines representing the global gene pool. Seed protein and lipid varied over twofold with a normal distribution, but no significant statistical correlation was detected between the two components. Seed lipid concentration (4.2–8.8 g/100 g) is primarily determined by the proportion of oleic acid (r2 = 0.45). Yield and composition data for a subset of 40 lines were then used to test selection parameters for high yielding, high lipid breeding lines. From five selection indices tested using 15 scenarios, an index based on the seed number, seed weight, and oleic acid yielded a > 50% expected increase in each of the mean values of seed number, pod dry weight, seed dry weight, and seed size, as well as an expected 7% increase in seed lipid concentration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

Halimi

Raymond

Barkla

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…O conteúdo lipídico obtido neste trabalho foi semelhante ao encontrado por Oluwatosin (1998) No que se refere ao conteúdo de fibras, esta cultivar apresentou quantidades de FAS e FAI equivalentes à outra variedade estudada por Salgado et al (2005), que encontraram 16,4 g.100 g -1 de FAI e 1,6 g.100 g -1 de FAS. Observa-se em estudo realizado por Almeida Costa et al (2006), que os percentuais de FAI e FAS presentes no feijão comum (FAI 19,9 g.100 g -1 e FAS 2,4 g.100 g -1 ), na ervilha (FAI 20,3 g.100 g -1 e FAS 1,7 g.100 g -1 ) e na lentilha (FAI 19,0 g.100 g -1 e FAS 1,4 g.100 g -1 ) foram próximos aos encontrados neste trabalho.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Dentre os ácidos graxos saturados observados por Oluwatosin (1998) e Sinha e Kawatra (2000), o palmítico foi o dominante, variando de 20,6 a 38,6% e de 29,1 a 34,4%, respectivamente, como também ocorre neste estudo. Outro AGS encontrado no caupi, por Sinha e Kawatra (2000), foi o esteárico, com valores de 1,9 a 3,3%, variação na qual se insere o resultado encontrado na cultivar BRS-Milênio.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A quantidade dos minerais fósforo, ferro e zinco (Tabela 3) encontra-se dentro da faixa de variação (302 a 764 mg.100 g -1 ; 4 a 12 mg.100 g -1 e 3 a 8 mg.100 g -1 , respectivamente) obtida por Oluwatosin (1998) Dentre as leguminosas estudadas por Iqbal et al (2006), o feijão caupi apresentou as maiores concentrações de potássio (1280 mg.100 g -1 ) e fósforo (303 mg.100 g -1 ), sendo ainda valores menores que os encontrados no feijão caupi, cultivar BRS-Milênio (Tabela 3). Os valores encontrados por Iqbal et al (2006) para cálcio (176 mg.100 g -1 ), manganês (1,7 mg.100 g -1 ) e zinco (5,1 mg.100 g -1 ) foram próximos aos obtidos neste estudo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Composição química do feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), cultivar BRS-Milênio

Frota¹,

Soares²,

Arêas³

2008

Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment.

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O feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), comumente chamado de feijão de corda ou feijão macassar, é um alimento básico para as populações de baixa renda do Nordeste brasileiro. Constitui-se uma das principais culturas alimentares desta região e também do Oeste da África (ONWULIRI; OBU, 2002). Dentre os diferentes produtos agrícolas encontrados nas regiões tropicais, o caupi se destaca pelo alto valor nutritivo, além do baixo custo de produção. É amplamente cultivado pelos pequenos produtores, constituindo um dos principais componentes da dieta alimentar, especialmente na zona rural (EMBRAPA MEIO NORTE, 2003).Em termos mundiais, a área ocupada com feijão caupi é de cerca de 12,5 milhões de ha, com 8 milhões (64% da área mundial) na parte oeste e central da África e o restante nas Américas do Sul e Central, e na Ásia. Os principais produtores mundiais são Nigéria, Niger e Brasil (QUIN, 1997).No Brasil, o feijão caupi é cultivado predominantemente no sertão semi-árido da região Nordeste e em pequenas áreas na Amazônia (MAIA, 1996). No Nordeste, a produção e a produtividade são de 429.375 toneladas e 303,5 kg.ha -1 , respectivamente. Os maiores produtores são os Estados do Ceará, Piauí, Bahia e Maranhão, os quais também apresentam as maiores áreas plantadas (IBGE, 2001). A produção dos grãos, secos ou verdes, é destinada principalmente para o consumo humano in natura, na forma de conserva ou desidratado (EMBRAPA MEIO NORTE, 2003).Esta leguminosa constitui importante fonte de proteínas (23 a 25% em média) e carboidratos, destacando-se pelo alto AbstractCowpea is one of the major food cultures of the northeastern region of Brazil. To improve its resistance against plagues and to increase its productivity, a new cultivar (BRS-Milênio) was obtained by genetic improvement. This study aimed at determining the proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, mineral constituents and trypsin inhibitory activity of this cultivar. The seed presents (g.100 g -1 ): 24.5 protein, 51.4 carbohydrates, 16.6 insoluble fiber and 2.7 soluble fiber, 2.6 ash; major mineral constituents (mg.100 g -1 ) were: iron -6.8, zinc -4.1, manganese -1.5, phosphorus -510.0 and potassium -1430.0. Lipid content was 2.2%, and its fatty acids profile: 29.4% saturated and 70.7% unsaturated. The caloric value was estimated as 323.4 kcal.100 g -1 of seeds. A low trypsin inhibitory activity was found (8.0 TIU.mg -1 of sample). The amino acid profile is in accordance with the reference amino acid standard, except for the sulfur amino acid deficiency, suggesting the need to encourage the combination of this bean with other food sources. Results suggest that cowpea presents high contents of energy, protein, dietary fiber, minerals and a low trypsin inhibitory activity. Although it contains low amounts of lipids, its composition presents a high unsaturated fatty acid profile.

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“…Given their wide geographic distribution, cowpea is characterized by significant morphological variability and a great ability to adapt to different environments, which results in a wide range of landraces [ 67 ]. The nutritional composition of cowpea is the expression of genetic factors and the result of agroclimatic conditions, exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses, and harvest, post-harvest, and storage conditions [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. The appearance of food is a key indicator of its quality and can determine its acceptance by the consumer [ 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Portuguese Cowpea Genotypes Adapted to Drought? Phenological Development and Grain Quality Evaluation

Moreira

Nunes

Pais

et al. 2023

Biology

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Along with population growth, global climate change represents a critical threat to agricultural production, compromising the goal of achieving food and nutrition security for all. It is urgent to create sustainable and resilient agri-food systems capable of feeding the world without debilitating the planet. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) refers to pulses as a superfood, as one of the most nutritious crops with high health benefits. Considered to be low-cost, many can be produced in arid lands and have an extended shelf-life. Their cultivation helps reduce greenhouse gases and increases carbon sequestration, also improving soil fertility. Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is particularly drought tolerant, with a wide diversity of landraces adapted to different environments. Considering the importance of knowing and valuing the genetic variability of this species in Portugal, this study assessed the impact of drought on four landraces of cowpea (L1 to L4) from different regions of the country and a national commercial variety (CV) as a reference. The development and evaluation of morphological characteristics were monitored in response to terminal drought (imposed during the reproductive phase), and its effects were evaluated on the yield and quality of the produced grain, namely the weight of 100 grains, color, protein content, and soluble sugars. Under drought conditions, the landraces L1 and L2 showed early maturation as a strategy to avoid water deficit. Morphological alteration of the aerial part of the plants was evident in all genotypes, with a rapid reduction in the number of leaves and a reduction in the number of flowers and pods by between 44 and 72%. The parameters of grain quality, the weight of 100 grains, color, protein, and soluble sugars did not vary significantly, except for sugars of the raffinose family that is associated with the adaptive mechanisms of plants to drought. The performance and maintenance of the evaluated characteristics reflect the adaptation acquired in the past by exposure to the Mediterranean climate, highlighting the potential agronomic and genetic value, still little exploited, that could contribute to production stability, preserved nutritional value, and food safety under water stress.

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Genetic and environmental variability in starch, fatty acids and mineral nutrients composition in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp)

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

Development of Selection Indices for Improvement of Seed Yield and Lipid Composition in Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)

Composição química do feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), cultivar BRS-Milênio

Are Portuguese Cowpea Genotypes Adapted to Drought? Phenological Development and Grain Quality Evaluation

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