Genetic determinism of the cellular immune reaction in Drosophila melanogaster

Carton, Y.; Frey, F.; Nappi, Anthony J.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1992.141

Cited by 93 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The basis of resistance to parasitism has been investigated using these strains. Results strongly indicate a simple genetic determinism in the case of parasitism by L. boulardi (Carton et al 1992) and Asobara tabida (Benassi et al 1998). The major genes are inherited autosomally, with the resistant phenotype showing complete dominance over the susceptible one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…melanogaster resistance against the parasitic wasps L. boulardi and A. tabida is under the control of major genes (Carton et al 1992;Orr & Irving 1997;Benassi et al 1998). These genes, Rlb (resistance to L. boulardi) and Rat (resistance to A. tabida), have been localized on chromosome 2 using chromosome-transfer experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…melanogaster strains of African origin, strain 445 resistant to L. boulardi and strain 22 susceptible to L. boulardi, are described in Carton et al (1992). The resistant strain 940 corresponds to a selected isofemale line originating from the S 1 R 2 S 3 stock (table 1).…”

Section: (A) Origin Of Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of the encapsulation ability of D. melanogaster strains was as described in Carton et al (1992). The encapsulation rate was calculated as the ratio of the number of encapsulated eggs to the total number of eggs recovered.…”

Section: (B) Bioassay Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drosophila resistance genes to parasitoids: chromosomal location and linkage analysis

Poirié

Frey

Hita

et al. 2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Insect hosts can survive infection by parasitoids using the encapsulation phenomenon. In Drosophila melanogaster the abilities to encapsulate the wasp species Leptopilina boulardi and Asobara tabida each involve one major gene. Both resistance genes have been precisely localized on the second chromosome, 35 centimorgans apart. This result clearly demonstrates the involvement of at least two separate genetic systems in Drosophila resistance to parasitoid wasps. The resistance genes to L. boulardi and A. tabida are not clustered as opposed to many plant resistance genes to pathogens cloned to date.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (A) Origin Of Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (B) Bioassay Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Drosophila resistance genes to parasitoids: chromosomal location and linkage analysis

Poirié

Frey

Hita

et al. 2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…Genetic variation for resistance to parasites has been found in many nonsocial organ-isms (Ebert et al 1998;Carius et al 2001;Little and Ebert 1999Kover and Schaal 2002), and has recently been demonstrated in bumblebees and honeybees (Baer and Schmid-Hempel 2003;Palmer and Oldroyd 2003). Although the mechanism in these latter cases is not yet known, the cellular immune response in insects can vary between genotypes (Carlton et al 1992;Cotter and Wilson 2002). This is thought to contribute to the well-established differences in immune response between bumblebee colonies (König and Schmid-Hempel 1995;Allander and Schmid-Hempel 2000;Mallon et al 2003).…”

Section: Acromyrmex and Pogonomyrmex])mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Hughes

Boomsma

2004

Evol

112

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Abstract.•Multiple mating by females (polyandry) remains hard to explain because, while it has substantial costs, clear benefits have remained elusive. The problem is acute in the social insects because polyandry is probably particularly costly for females and most material benefits of the behavior are unlikely to apply. It has been suggested that a fitness benefit may arise from the more genetically diverse worker force that a polyandrous queen will produce. One leading hypothesis is that the increased genetic diversity of workers will improve a colony's resistance to disease. We investigated this hypothesis using a polyandrous leaf-cutting ant and a virulent fungal parasite as our model system. At high doses of the parasite most patrilines within colonies were similarly susceptible, but a few showed greater resistance. At a low dose of the parasite there was more variation between patrilines in their resistance to the parasite. Such genetic variation is a key prerequisite for polyandry to result in increased disease resistance of colonies. The relatedness of two hosts did not appear to affect the transmission of the parasite between them, but this was most likely because the parasite tested was a virulent generalist that is adapted to transmit between distantly related hosts. The resistance to the parasite was compared between small groups of ants of either high or low genetic diversity. No difference was found at high doses of the parasite, but a significant improvement in resistance in high genetic diversity groups was found at a low dose of the parasite. That there is genetic variation for disease resistance means that there is the potential for polyandry to produce more disease-resistant colonies. That this genetic variation can improve the resistance of groups even under the limited conditions tested suggests that polyandry may indeed produce colonies with improved resistance to disease.

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Insect immunity: A genetic factor (hrtp) is essential for antibacterial peptide expression inDrosophila after infection by parasitoid wasps

Bénassi

Coustau

Carton

2000

Arch. Insect Biochem.

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We have used a parasitoid wasp Drosophila melanogaster system to investigate the relationship between the humoral and cellular immune responses in insects. Expression of the gene encoding diptericin, an antibacterial peptide in various D. melanogaster strains parasitized by several species of parasitoid wasps, was studied by Northern blot. These strains have the capacity to encapsulate parasitoid eggs. Two strains appeared to produce diptericin mRNA after parasitoid challenge, regardless of their cellular immune reaction to the wasp species. This suggests that a specific genetic factor, or factors, here designated humoral response to parasitoid (hrtp), is present in these two strains of D. melanogaster and is implicated in the expression of the antibacterial gene after parasite infection. This hrtp genetic factor is recessively expressed and located on the second chromosome, suggesting that it is monofactorial. The transgenic strain Dipt.2.2‐lacZ:1, in which the transgene is present on the first chromosome, is normally susceptible to the parasitoid wasp. The chromosome bearing the hrtp factor was transferred to this transgenic strain, which then became reactive when triggered by wasp infection. The hrtp factor appears necessary for the activation of diptericin by the parasitoid wasp. No correlation between the cellular immune capacity and the humoral response was observed, suggesting that the two components of insect immunity are regulated independently. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 43:64–71, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Genetic determinism of the cellular immune reaction in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 93 publications

References 32 publications

Drosophila resistance genes to parasitoids: chromosomal location and linkage analysis

Drosophila resistance genes to parasitoids: chromosomal location and linkage analysis

Genetic Diversity and Disease Resistance in Leaf-Cutting Ant Societies

Insect immunity: A genetic factor (hrtp) is essential for antibacterial peptide expression inDrosophila after infection by parasitoid wasps

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