Genetic distinctions between autoimmune hepatitis in Italy and North America

Muratori, Paolo; Czaja, Albert J.; Muratori, Luigi; Pappas, Georgios; Maccariello, Silvana; Cassani, F.; Granito, Alessandro; Ferrari, R.; Mantovani, Vilma; Lenzi, Marco; Bianchi, Francesco

doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i12.1862

Cited by 66 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…No significant increase was observed in DRB1*03 in the present study despite a higher frequency reported in studies from North America, West Asia and North Europe. In Italy, DR11 was significantly lower in type 1 AIH patients compared to controls, which is in contrast with our findings showing a significant increase in DRB1*11 (DR11) compared to controls (12% vs. 0%, p=0.001) (26).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Another study from Germany reported C7, A2, B8, DR3, and DQ2 to be the most frequent HLA types in type 1 AIH (25). The authors compared their data with those obtained in Italy and North America (26). In the Italian study, B8, C7, DQ2 and DR3 showed a higher frequency in types 1 and 2 AIH compared to controls, and B8-DR3-DQ2 in type 1 compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In Italian patients, DR4 was more frequent in the patient group, but without being significantly different compared to controls. In patients from North America, B8, DR3, DR4, and B8-DR3-DQ2 were significantly more frequent compared to Italian patients (26). In the studies reporting from Japan, DRB1*0405, DRB4 and DQB1*0401 were significantly more frequent in type 1 AIH (27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Relations between human leukocyte antigens and autoimmune hepatitis in Turkish children

Gulec

Urgancı²,

Polat³

et al. 2011

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Relations between human leukocyte antigens and autoimmune hepatitis in Turkish children

Gulec

Urgancı²,

Polat³

et al. 2011

Turk J Gastroenterol

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“…In a study of 83 Chinese adult patients with AIH, there was no disparity in the frequency of CAIDs among the different age groups [17] . In another study from Italy, the occurrence of the CAIDs was also shown to be independent of the AIH subtype, gender, and the age of onset of the liver disease (children vs. adults; 22 vs. 16%, p = 0.495; 23.1 vs. 10.3%, p = 0.205; 17.8 vs. 22.2%, p = 0.803), respectively [10] .…”

Section: Effects Of Aih Types Age Gender and Genetic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Extrahepatic Manifestations with Autoimmune Hepatitis

Wong

Heneghan²

2015

Dig Dis

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For many patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), the presence of extrahepatic features is well recognised both at the time of presentation and during long-term follow-up. Concomitant ‘autoimmune disorders' have been described in 20-50% of patients with AIH, both in adults and children. Indeed, the presence of these associated phenomena has been incorporated into both the original and revised International AIH group scoring systems as an aid to codifying the diagnosis. In acute index presentations, non-specific joint pains sometimes flitting in nature have been reported in 10-60% of patients, and while joint swelling is uncommon, rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease have been reported in 2-4% of patients with AIH. For a majority of patients, these joint symptoms resolve within days of the introduction of immunosuppressive therapy. Rarer features at index presentation include a maculopapular skin rash and unexplained fever, which are features that tend to resolve quickly with treatment. Interestingly, joint pain and stiffness are also well recognised in the context of steroid withdrawal and cessation in AIH. The occasional co-presentation of AIH with coeliac disease is clinically important (1-6%), since for some patients, there is a risk of immunosuppression malabsorption, thus delaying effective treatment. Similarly, the co-existence of selective IgA deficiency (IgAD) can occur in patients with coeliac disease or in isolation. Selective IgAD as a co-existing extraheaptic feature seems to be more common in paediatric patients with AIH. For these patients, they are at an increased risk of respiratory and sinus infections. Although, typically associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, the presence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) has been described in 2-8% of patients with AIH. Interestingly, for patients with autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis, a distinct pattern of IBD has been recently described. Other conditions have been reported at a lower frequency, including Sjogren's syndrome 1-7%, systemic lupus erythematosus 1-3% and glomerulonephritis 1%. Rarer still and at a frequency of <1% include fibrosing alveolitis, haemolytic anaemia, uveitis, mononeuritis multiplex, polymyositis and multiple sclerosis. In contrast, the reported associations between AIH and thyroiditis 8-23%, diabetes 1-10% and psoriasis 3% are commonly seen and notable in clinical practice.

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“…HLA DRB1,04 has been reported to be a significant risk factor in different studies (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). The frequency of A24,9, A26, A32, DRB1,15 was high in our type-1 subjects, the frequency of A26, B51, DRB1,11 was high in our type 2 subjects and the frequency of A32 and DRB1,04 was found high in the undefined type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Otoimmün hepatitli olgularımızın irdelenmesi: 11 yıllık deneyimimiz

Gulec¹,

Urgancı²,

Demirel³

et al. 2012

tpa

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Aim:This study aimed to review a series of patients with autoimmune hepatitis in terms of disease pattern, laboratory results, treatment outcomes and adverse effects of treatment. Material and Method: Children with autoimmune hepatitis were retrospectively reviewed. In all patients, viral and metobolic etiologies were excluded. Patients were classified as type-1, type-2 and non-classified type, as well as acute and chronic groups. Treatment response and cessation of treatment were evaluated. Results: Patients were beetween 4 and 17 years old (12±2.68 years). Twenty patients were female, 11 patients were male. Seventeen percent of the patients were in the acute group and 14% were in the chronic group; 18% were in the type-1 group, 6% were in the type-2 group and 7% were in the non-classified type group. Deflazacort was started in all patients. Azothiopurine (2 mg/kg/day) was added in 10 patients with late response at the end of the third month. Deflazacort dosage was decreased at 6-8 weeks intervals and continued at a maintenance dosage of 5 mg/day. After a two-year period complete response was obtained in 24 patients and partial response was obtained in 5 patients. No response was obtained in 2 patients. During the nine-year follow-up period, treatment was ended in 6 patients. In one patient, there was a recurrance in 6 months; the remaining 5 patients are still being followed up without a problem. Despite treatment, portal hypertension was observed in 5 patients. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and treatment of childhood autoimmune hepatitis can decrease the risk of progression to cirrhosis and can increase the survival. Deflazocort can be a choice instead of prednisolone because of its efficiency in treatment and lesser side effects. (Turk Arch Ped 2012; 47: 29-34)

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Genetic distinctions between autoimmune hepatitis in Italy and North America

Cited by 66 publications

References 33 publications

Relations between human leukocyte antigens and autoimmune hepatitis in Turkish children

Relations between human leukocyte antigens and autoimmune hepatitis in Turkish children

Association of Extrahepatic Manifestations with Autoimmune Hepatitis

Otoimmün hepatitli olgularımızın irdelenmesi: 11 yıllık deneyimimiz

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