Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Mongolian Wheat Based on SSR Markers: Implications for Conservation and Management

Abstract

Production of spring wheat, the major crop in Mongolia, accounts for 98% of the cultivated area. Understanding genetic variability in existing gene bank accessions is critical for collection, conservation and use of wheat germplasms. To determine genetic diversity and population structure among a representative collection of Mongolian local wheat cultivars and lines, 200 wheat accessions were analyzed with 15 SSR markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. A total of 85 alleles were detected, with three to five alleles per locus and a mean genetic richness of 5.66. Average genetic diversity index was 0.69, with values ranging from 0.37-0.80. The 200 Mongolian wheat accessions were mainly divided into two subgroups based on structure and phylogenetic analyses, and some phenotypes were divergent by the subgroups. Results from this study will provide valuable information for conservation and sustainable use of Mongolian wheat genetic resources.

Population structure of Nepali spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm

“…An alternative explanation is that the higher proportion of rare alleles in the D genome compared to the A and B genomes may have been more susceptible to genetic drift during modern cultivar development, creating a recent genetic bottleneck in the D genome [ 66 ]. The relative contributions of the different genomes to SNP diversity as obtained using GBS-derived SNP markers are also in agreement with the results of past studies performed on hexaploid wheat using DArT markers [ 14 , 67 , 68 ] and SSR markers [ 34 , 38 , 41 , 69 ].…”

“…All the three methods used (population structure, UPGMA clustering, and PCA) consistently led to this grouping. The consistency of grouping using these methods has also been observed in earlier studies [ 32 – 34 ]. The differentiation of the population into different subpopulations by fastSTRUCTURE is based on frequencies of relatedness of the genotypes to each of the subpopulations as hypothesized [ 14 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Genome-Wide Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tunisian Durum Wheat Landraces Based on DArTseq Technology

“…Sourour et al [16] has shown important phenotypic diversity of the Tunisian germplasm estimated to 0.77 using Shannon–Weaver indices. Several molecular markers techniques were used to assess the genetic diversity in wheat including RFLP, RAPD, ISSR, AFLP, EST–SSR [17], DArT, and SNP [18,19]. A significant genetic difference using SSR markers was detected between landraces of durum wheat originated from Morocco and Syria using the Bayesian method and the Eigen analysis [20].…”

Genetic Diversity and Genome-Wide Association Study of Seed Aspect Ratio Using a High-Density SNP Array in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…A principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) was conducted using the software GenAlEx V6.503 [ 53 , 54 ]. The population structure of 384 peanut accessions was evaluated by Structure v2.3.4 software ( ) under the admixture model.…”