Genetic diversity in Coffea canephora genotypes for leaf nutrient concentration

Abstract


 This study analyzed the genetic diversity in Coffea canephora genotypes by univariate and multivariate statistical analysis, based on concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in coffee leaves in the stages of pre-flowering and grain filling. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks with three replications, in a 42x2 factorial design, in which factor one represented the evaluated genotypes and factor two the periods of leaf sampling, i.e., pre-flowering and grain filling. The data of leaf nutrient concentrations were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test (p <0.01), and genetic parameters were estimated. For the study of genetic diversity, the genotypes were grouped by the hierarchical unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The relative importance of a trait to predict genetic diversity was also studied. There is genetic divergence for leaf nutrient concentration in C. canephora genotypes. With a maximum limit of 60% of dissimilarity between genotypes, four groups were also formed by UPGMA. For the 42 evaluated genotypes, leaf S concentration was the most important trait for genetic diversity; this genotypic variability should be investigated to enhance the efficiency of nutritional diagnosis.
 Highlights
 
 There is genetic variability for leaf nutrient concentration in Coffea canephora
 The leaf concentration of nutrients in the phenological stage of pre-anthesis is different from the leaf concentration of nutrients in the coffee bean filling period.
 Leaf concentration of sulfur was the characteristic that contributed most to the genetic diversity among the 42 genotypes, followed by the concentration of copper, boron and magnesium.
 Genotypic variability for leaf nutrient concentration should be considered for better nutritional management.

Concentration of Nutrients in Leaves, Flowers, and Fruits of Genotypes of Coffea canephora

“…The S contents in the leaves are found to have higher concentrations for grain filling and seed filling periods, as in the studies by Oliosi et al [10] and Silva et al [25]. The concentration of this macronutrient showed variations due to the maturation of the genotypes.…”

“…The formation of groups by the dendrogram indicates variability among the C. canephora genotypes for nutritional contents of leaves, flowers, grains, and straw. Silva et al [25], Gomes et al [8], and Martins et al [2] also observed divergence between the conilon coffee genotypes for nutrient concentration. These studies are essential for improvement programs, being used to select genotypes with superior characteristics.…”

“…The highest CVg values in this study were observed for straw, followed by grains and flowers in some nutrients. However, for most nutrients, the variability was at levels considered low for genetic improvement research [25].…”

Nutritional Balance and Genetic Diversity of Coffea canephora Genotypes

“…Evaluation studies conducted by [ 4 , 8 , 13 , 15 ] with nutrient concentrations in different organs (leaf, flowers, grains, husk, fruits) of conilon coffee also reported values higher than 20% for some nutrients. Factors such as size of the experiment, maturation cycle and genotype response to biotic and abiotic factors may have contributed to the high indices [ 14 ].…”

Influence of genotype-environment interaction on soybean (Glycine max L.) genetic divergence under semiarid conditions

“…In the 2019/2020 harvest, the country had an average productivity of 3.321 kg ha -1 , resulting from a production of 118.8 million tons of grain in 35,760.4 thousand hectares of land. During this harvest, the cultivated area increased by 1.7% relative to the past harvest (2,10), due to the expansion of the agricultural frontier with the exploration of the Brazilian semiarid region. Considering the need for irrigation, as well as the high temperatures that prevail in the semi-arid region, this expansion may constitute an opportunity for the diversification of crops in the region, particularly for seed production since irrigated crops require greater investment.…”