Genetic diversity in soybean genotypes using phenotypic characters and enzymatic markers

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of soybean cultivars by adopting phenotypic traits and enzymatic markers, the relative contribution of agronomic traits to diversity, as well as diversity between the level of technology used in soybean cultivars and genetic breeding programs in which cultivars were inserted. The experiments were conducted on the field at the Center for Scientific and Technological Development in crop-livestock production and the Electrophoresis Laboratory of Lavras Federal University. The agronomic traits adopted were grain yield, plant height, first legume insertion, plant lodging, the mass of one thousand seeds, and days for complete maturation, in which the Euclidean distance, grouped by Tocher and UPGMA criteria, was obtained. After electrophorese gels for enzymatic systems, dehydrogenase alcohol, esterase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were performed. The genetic similarity estimative was also obtained between genotypes by the Jaccard coefficient with subsequent grouping by the UPGMA method. The formation of two groups was shown using phenotypic characters in the genetic diversity study and individually discriminating the cultivar 97R73 RR. The character with the greatest contribution to the genetic divergence was grain yield with contribution higher than 90.0%. To obtain six different groups, individually discriminating the cultivars CG 8166 RR, FPS Jupiter RR, and BRS MG 780 RR, enzymatic markers were used. Cultivars carrying the RR technology presented more divergence than conventional cultivars and IPRO cultivars.

Phenotypic Diversity and Variation of <i>Lonicera caerulea</i> Populations in the Changbai Mountain Alongside the Elevation Gradient

“…As the foundation of genetic diversity research, phenotypic changes can reflect genetic and environmental diversity, and the phenotype is the most intuitive embodiment of genetic variation [11,12]. Phenotypic evaluation is the simplest and most feasible method for detecting the genetic diversity of a population based on the differences in phenotypic traits [13,14]. Estimating genetic parameters using statistical procedures can be used to effectively evaluate intra-and interpopulation genetic diversity of plants under different habitat conditions [15,16].…”

Characteristics contribution and similarity of F5 soybean lines resistant to cowpea mild mottle virus derived from different crossing

“…Crossing soybean genotypes with high genetic diversity and distant kinship can speed up breeding program (Liu et al 2017;Gwinner et al 2017). Plant genetic diversity can be identified using various methods, including studying phenotypic characters and enzymatic markers (Zambiazzi et al 2017), agromorphology, phytochemical profiles, and antioxidant activity (Bouargalne et al 2022). The phenotypic characteristics of each genotype with diverse agronomic traits can refer to differences in geographic environment (Cuevas and Prom 2020).…”