Genetic diversity of the non-native crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Brachyura: Panopeidae) in the Polish coastal waters − an example of patchy genetic diversity at a small geographic scale
Abstract:I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l o f O c e a n o g r a p h y a n d H y d r o b i o l o g y by The Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies is online at oandhs.ocean.ug.edu.pl pages (305-315)
AbstractThe American panopeid crab species Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) is listed as an non-native species in European waters. In Poland, it occurred in the 1950s at two sites at the Baltic Sea coast, the Dead Vistula River (DVR) and the Vistula Lagoon (VL). Almost 50 years later, two additional populatio… Show more
“…Alternatively, the differentiated populations were founded by different introduction events, as has been suggested for the crab R . harrisii (Hegele‐Drywa et al, 2015). Overall, even the non‐native species do not contradict the limited gene flow we observed in native species.…”
Environmental gradients have emerged as important barriers to structuring populations and species distributions. We set out to test whether the strong salinity gradient from the marine North Sea to the brackish Baltic Sea in northern Europe represents an ecological and genetic break, and to identify life history traits that correlate with the strength of this break. We accumulated mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequence data, and data on the distribution, salinity tolerance, and life history for 28 species belonging to the Cnidaria, Crustacea, Echinodermata, Mollusca, Polychaeta, and Gastrotricha. We included seven non‐native species covering a broad range of times since introduction, in order to gain insight into the pace of adaptation and differentiation. We calculated measures of genetic diversity and differentiation across the environmental gradient, coalescent times, and migration rates between North and Baltic Sea populations, and analyzed correlations between genetic and life history data. The majority of investigated species is either genetically differentiated and/or adapted to the lower salinity conditions of the Baltic Sea. Species exhibiting population structure have a range of patterns of genetic diversity in comparison with the North Sea, from lower in the Baltic Sea to higher in the Baltic Sea, or equally diverse in North and Baltic Sea. Two of the non‐native species showed signs of genetic differentiation, their times since introduction to the Baltic Sea being about 80 and >700 years, respectively. Our results indicate that the transition from North Sea to Baltic Sea represents a genetic and ecological break: The diversity of genetic patterns points toward independent trajectories in the Baltic compared with the North Sea, and ecological differences with regard to salinity tolerance are common. The North Sea–Baltic Sea region provides a unique setting to study evolutionary adaptation during colonization processes at different stages by jointly considering native and non‐native species.
“…Alternatively, the differentiated populations were founded by different introduction events, as has been suggested for the crab R . harrisii (Hegele‐Drywa et al, 2015). Overall, even the non‐native species do not contradict the limited gene flow we observed in native species.…”
Environmental gradients have emerged as important barriers to structuring populations and species distributions. We set out to test whether the strong salinity gradient from the marine North Sea to the brackish Baltic Sea in northern Europe represents an ecological and genetic break, and to identify life history traits that correlate with the strength of this break. We accumulated mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequence data, and data on the distribution, salinity tolerance, and life history for 28 species belonging to the Cnidaria, Crustacea, Echinodermata, Mollusca, Polychaeta, and Gastrotricha. We included seven non‐native species covering a broad range of times since introduction, in order to gain insight into the pace of adaptation and differentiation. We calculated measures of genetic diversity and differentiation across the environmental gradient, coalescent times, and migration rates between North and Baltic Sea populations, and analyzed correlations between genetic and life history data. The majority of investigated species is either genetically differentiated and/or adapted to the lower salinity conditions of the Baltic Sea. Species exhibiting population structure have a range of patterns of genetic diversity in comparison with the North Sea, from lower in the Baltic Sea to higher in the Baltic Sea, or equally diverse in North and Baltic Sea. Two of the non‐native species showed signs of genetic differentiation, their times since introduction to the Baltic Sea being about 80 and >700 years, respectively. Our results indicate that the transition from North Sea to Baltic Sea represents a genetic and ecological break: The diversity of genetic patterns points toward independent trajectories in the Baltic compared with the North Sea, and ecological differences with regard to salinity tolerance are common. The North Sea–Baltic Sea region provides a unique setting to study evolutionary adaptation during colonization processes at different stages by jointly considering native and non‐native species.
“…In contrast to this, the distribution pattern in the eastern Black Sea is different and is dominated by localized discontinuous populations associated with river estuaries and probably harbours (Zalota et al , 2016a; Figure 3). Localized discontinuous populations of R. harrisii are also presently characteristic for the Baltic (Kotta & Ojaveer, 2012; Fowler et al , 2013; Hegele-Drywa et al , 2015; Figure 4). Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…European populations of R. harrisii are genetically heterogeneous (Projecto-Garcia et al ., 2010; Hegele-Drywa et al , 2015; Simakova et al , 2017). Populations from the North Sea and some other European waters are more similar in their haplotypes constitution to the New Jersey population, although haplotype A, which is most common in European populations, has not been found in its native populations (Projecto-Garcia et al ., 2010).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The establishment and dispersion of European populations have been largely determined by the founder effect; nevertheless the inflow of genetic information to the established populations has been substantial. In addition, the possibility of several introduction events should not be excluded (Projecto-Garcia et al ., 2010; Hegele-Drywa et al , 2015). Rhithropanopeus harrisii in the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas is characterized by low genetic diversity, two unique haplotypes, and most probably originated from some unknown European population (Simakova et al , 2017).…”
A survey of publications and collections databases reveals a pattern of non-indigenous decapods distribution in the 13 seas around Russia and adjacent countries. No alien species were reported from Russian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone in the Japan, Okhotsk, west Bering and most of the Siberian shelf Seas. From the seas and their basins in East Europe, 13 alien species have been recorded, with seven of these yet to become established. Established or commonly occurring species can be categorized as: ‘global invaders’ (Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensisin the White, Baltic, Black, Azov and Caspian Seas; and Harris mud crab,Rhithropanopeus harrisiiin all mentioned seas, except the White Sea); ‘regional aliens’ (Palaemon adspersusandP. elegansin the Caspian Sea and the latter species in the Baltic); and ‘Arctic invaders’ (Kamchatka king crabParalithodes camtschaticusand snow crabChionoecetes opilio).Eriocheir sinensisis the most widely occurring alien decapod species, but there are no indications of an established population in East Europe. For this and other mentioned crab species, invasion history, distribution and important biological data are reviewed. In the seas where few or no native crab species have been present, Harris mud crab (in the Azov and Caspian Seas), Kamchatka crab (in the Barents Sea) and snow crab (in the Barents and Kara Seas) have shown rapid establishment (within two decades) of an invasive population throughout an entire basis or its significant part.
“…It is noteworthy that while Ghezzo et al (2015) showed that the probability of receiving lagrangian particles (assimilating larvae to them) from the sea is very low in three representative coastal lagoons with very different water renewal rates, genetic studies show high genetic fluxes between lagoon and coastal sea populations but with more or less significant genetic differentiation in the studied species (Vergara-Chen et al, 2010a, 2010bGonzalez-Wanguemert and Perez-Ruzafa, 2012;Milana et al, 2012;Hegele-Drywa et al, 2015).…”
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