Genetic diversity study on 12 X-STR loci of investigator® Argus X STR kit in Bangladeshi population

Abstract

The X-chromosome short tandem repeat (STR) loci are of particular interest for solving complex kinship and paternity cases. Here, we report the genetic data from 209 unrelated Bangladeshi individuals (102 males and 107 females) that were genotyped using the 12 X-chromosomal STR markers included in the Investigator® Argus X-12 kit (Qiagen). The 12 X-STR markers are located in four linkage groups (linkage group I: DXS10135, DXS10148, and DXS8378; linkage group II: DXS7132, DXS10079, and DXS10074; linkage group III: DXS10103, HPRTB, and DXS10101; and linkage group IV: DXS10146, DXS10134, and DXS7423). Allelic frequencies of the 12 X-STR loci and haplotype frequencies of the four linkage groups were investigated. No significant difference was observed in the allele frequencies of males and females. Distributions of heterozygosity were observed from 64.5 to 92.5% among the studied 12 X STR loci. DXS10135 and DXS10101 loci were found to be most polymorphic. For all the four linkage groups, the haplotype diversity was found to be greater than 0.986. A total of 95, 73, 66, and 74 haplotypes were observed in linkage groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests showed no significant deviation from expected values for all 12 loci (p > 0.05). The exact test for pairwise linkage disequilibrium for the 12 loci in the male samples did not show any significant linkage disequilibrium except the DXS10103 and DXS10101 loci after the p values were corrected by Bonferroni's correction for multiple testing (p > 0.05/66). A combined power of discrimination in male and female individuals were 0.999999998159791 and 0.999999999999993, respectively. The combined mean exclusion chance were 0.999997635 in deficiency cases, 0.999999996 in normal trio cases, and 0.999999178 in duo cases. The currently investigated Bangladeshi population showed significant differences when compared with previously reported X-STR data from other 12 populations. The results of the data analysis indicated that all the loci in the Investigator® Argus X 12 kit were fairly informative and might be useful in forensic application and kinship analysis in Bangladeshi population.

Genetic Polymorphisms and Forensic Efficiency of 16 X-chromosomal STR Loci for Sri Lankan Population

“…In general, the LD reported earlier for South Asian and South East Asian populations like Bangladeshi 19 , Indian Bhil tribe 17 and Malaysians 22 was quite low; i.e. no LD was reported among cluster I (DXS10148, DXS1035 and DXS8378) or in cluster II markers (DXS7132, DXS10079 and DXS10074).…”

“…Depending on the availability of data in the literature, 8-16 common X-STR markers were used for the analysis. Accordingly, three populations from South Asia (Bhil tribe and Brahmin caste in India 17,18 , Bangladesh 19 and Pakistan 20,21 ), two from South East Asia (Malaysians 22 and Thailand 23 ), three from East Asia (China [24][25][26] , Japan 24,27,28 and Taiwan 29,30 ), ve from Europe (Germany [31][32][33][34] , Italy [35][36][37][38][39] , Sweden 40 , Denmark 41 and North Portugal 42 ) two from Africa (Somalia 41 , and Ivory Coast 43 ) and Brazil 44 were compared (Supplementary Table S6).…”

“…2). The plot graphically illustrates the level of similarity between 18 world populations including the four Sri Lanka ethnicities (Sinhalese, SL Tamil, Indian Tamil, Moors, Bhil India 17 , Bangladesh 19 , Malaysia 22 , Thailand 23 , China 24 , Japan 24 , Taiwan 29 , Germany 31 , Italy 35 , Sweden 40 , Denmark 41 , North Portugal 42 , Somalia 41 , and Ivory Coast 43 ). According to the results observed, Sri Lankans were clustered together not only with Indians and Bangladeshi, but also with Europeans.…”

Genetic analysis of 12 X-short tandem repeats loci in a northern Thai population

“…To determine the genetic variety among population subgroups, the genetic distance between the northern Thai population in our study and other Asian populations based on previous reports of central Thai, 12 Japanese, 30 Chinese, 30 Taiwanese 31 and Bangladeshis 32 was tested using the D A distance. The genetic distance was calculated based on Nei et al.…”

Genetic diversity and haplotypic structure of a Saudi population sample using Investigator Argus X-12 amplification kit

“…To our knowledge, this is the first report from Saudi Arabia on these 12 markers, so no Saudi data is available for comparison. In the present study, Saudi allele frequencies were compared with eight worldwide populations from the literature to elucidate the genetic relationships between Saudis, Emiratis (29), Egyptians (30), Turkish (31), Algerians (32), Jewish (33), Filipinas (34), Bangladeshis (35) and Indians (36) using the population pairwise genetic distance fixation index (Fst). Fst was used to perform the comparison, with differences being statistically significant for p-values < 0.001 after Bonferroni correction ( Table 5).…”