Genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD affect the outcome of clinical, biochemical, and anthropometric variables in people with obesity under a dietary intervention

Abstract

BackgroundGenetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes CAT, GPX, and SOD are involved in the etiology of obesity and its principal comorbidities. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of aforementioned SNPs over the output of several variables in people with obesity after a nutritional intervention. The study included 92 Mexican women, which received a dietary intervention by 3 months. Participants were genotyped and stratified into two groups: (1) carriers; mutated homozygous plus heterozygous (CR) and (2) homozygous wild type (WT). A comparison between CR and WT was done in clinical (CV), biochemical (BV), and anthropometric variables (AV), at the beginning and at the end of the intervention.ResultsParticipants (n = 92) showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) at the end of the nutritional intervention in several CV, BV, and AV. However, two kinds of responses were observed after genotyping participants: (A) CR and WT showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in several CV, BV, and AV for the SNPs 599C>T GPX1 (rs1050450), − 251A>G SOD1 (rs2070424), and − 262C>T CAT (rs1001179). (B) Only CR showed statistically changes (p < 0.05) in several CV, BV, and AV for the SNPs − 21A>T CAT (rs7943316) and 47C>T SOD2 (rs4880). The dietary intervention effect was statistically significantly between the polymorphisms of 47C>T SOD2 and BMI, SBP, TBARS, total cholesterol, and C-LCL (p < 0.05) and between the polymorphisms of − 21A>T CAT (rs7943316) and SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, and atherogenic index (p < 0.05).ConclusionPeople with obesity display different response in several CV, BV, and AV after a nutritional intervention, depending on the antioxidant genetic background of SOD and CAT enzymes.

Role of Polyphenols and Carotenoids in Endothelial Dysfunction: An Overview from Classic to Innovative Biomarkers

“…Thus, another ambitious aim would be to identify new food and nutrient intake biomarkers, which could potentially provide new tools for monitoring compliance and evaluating dietary intake in the nutritional and health sciences [ 43 ].…”

“…More recently, through the development of epigenetics and omics sciences, new promising endothelial dysfunction biomarkers emerged have been identified which could be very useful in measuring the role of nutritional molecules on endothelial function [ 39 , 43 – 48 ].…”

Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility Separation-Quadruple Time-of-Flight MS (UHPLC-IMS-QTOF MS) Metabolomics for Short-Term Biomarker Discovery of Orange Intake: A Randomized, Controlled Crossover Study

“…In a consensus paper, Dragsted et al [ 10 ] outlined an optimal and reproducible validation process to systematically and critically assess the validity of candidate food intake biomarkers. A consensus-based procedure was used to provide and evaluate a set of the most important criteria for systematic validation of these biomarkers [ 10 , 12 ]. Similar conclusions were reached in a National Institute of Health (NIH) organized workshop on “Omics Approaches to Nutritional Biomarkers” in Bethesda, attended by researchers from the United States, Canada, and several European countries [ 13 ].…”

“…Similar conclusions were reached in a National Institute of Health (NIH) organized workshop on “Omics Approaches to Nutritional Biomarkers” in Bethesda, attended by researchers from the United States, Canada, and several European countries [ 13 ]. According to these recommendations, acute interventions trials where participants consume specific amounts of a test food in a single meal are the best approach as the first step in dietary biomarker discovery [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In this approach, baseline and postprandial biological samples are collected for analysis and for identifying potential biomarkers.…”

Biomarkers of food intake for Allium vegetables

“…The discovery and application of BFIs for Allium vegetables would help to better explore their potential health benefit. The objectives of this review were as follows: (1) summarize the actual knowledge related to candidate or currently used BFIs for Allium vegetable consumption, (2) provide an overview of the current level of validation of candidate BFIs, and (3) illustrate the use of Biomarker of Food Intake Reviews (BFIRev) [13] and biomarker of food intake validation procedures [14].…”