Genetic variability among flavescence dorée phytoplasmas from different origins in Italy and France

Martini, Marta; Botti, S.; Marcone, Carmine; Marzachı̀, Cristina; Casati, P.; Bianco, P.A.; Benedetti, R; Bertaccini, Assunta

doi:10.1006/mcpr.2002.0410

Cited by 100 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Seven distinct ribosomal protein RFLP pattern types (subgroups) were differentiated among members of 16SrV-C included in the present study, and three ribosomal protein RFLP pattern types (subgroups) were differentiated among members of 16SrV-B (Supplementary Table B). Eight ribosomal protein subgroups identified in the present study were consistent with those identified by Martini et al (2002).…”

Section: Strain Differentiation By Rflp Analysissupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Strain EY1 T is the reference phytoplasma strain for the EY phytoplasma group (Lee et al, 1993b). Other EY group phytoplasmas associated with diseases in diverse plant genera in various geographical regions are as follows: flavescence dorée (FD) and grapevine yellows phytoplasmas in the European grapevine (Bertaccini et al, 1997;Daire et al, 1997;Martini et al, 2002;Seemüller et al, 1994); rubus stunt (RuS) phytoplasmas in wild and cultivated blackberries (Rubus spp.) in Europe (Lee et al, 1995;Mäurer & Seemüller, 1994;Marcone et al, 1997); a strain of the cherry lethal yellows (CLY) phytoplasma (CLY5) in the cherry in China (Zhu et al, 1997); peach yellows (PY-In) phytoplasma in peach in India; jujube witches'-broom (JWB) phytoplasma in Ziziphus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of phytoplasma strains in the elm yellows group (16SrV) and proposal of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ for the phytoplasma associated with elm yellows

Lee¹,

Martini

Marcone

et al. 2004

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

252

251

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Elm yellows group (16SrV) phytoplasmas, which are associated with devastating diseases in elm, grapevine, blackberry, cherry, peach and several other plant species in America, Europe and Asia, represent one of the most diverse phytoplasma clusters. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, elm yellows group phytoplasmas form a discrete subclade within the phytoplasma clade. Three phylogenetic parameters, namely 16S rRNA, ribosomal protein and secY genes, have been evaluated for their usefulness in differentiating elm yellows group phytoplasmas. RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA sequences differentiated the elm yellows group phytoplasmas into five subgroups. Twelve RFLP subgroups were differentiated on the basis of ribosomal protein and 13 were differentiated using secY gene sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal protein genes and secY gene alone or in combination indicated that the subgroups constitute 12 genetically distinct lineages, each of which appears to have evolved under different ecological constraints such as specific vector or plant hosts. On the basis of unique DNA and biological properties, it is proposed that the elm yellows phytoplasma EY1T represents a novel taxon, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’.

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Section: Strain Differentiation By Rflp Analysissupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of phytoplasma strains in the elm yellows group (16SrV) and proposal of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ for the phytoplasma associated with elm yellows

Lee¹,

Martini

Marcone

et al. 2004

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

252

251

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“…In this area, Flavescence Dorée (FD), an insect-borne plant yellow disease of grapevine, causes major concerns (2,4,8,9,26). Direct control strategies against the etiological agent of FD are indeed not available.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

Marzorati¹,

Alma

Sacchi

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Flavescence dorée (FD) is a grapevine disease that afflicts several wine production areas in Europe, from Portugal to Serbia. FD is caused by a bacterium, "Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis," which is spread throughout the vineyards by a leafhopper, Scaphoideus titanus (Cicadellidae). After collection of S. titanus specimens from FD-contaminated vineyards in three different areas in the Piedmont region of Italy, we performed a survey to characterize the bacterial microflora associated with this insect. Using length heterogeneity PCR with universal primers for bacteria we identified a major peak associated with almost all of the individuals examined (both males and females). Characterization by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis confirmed the presence of a major band that, after sequencing, showed a 97 to 99% identity with Bacteroidetes symbionts of the "Candidatus Cardinium hertigii" group. In addition, electron microscopy of tissues of S. titanus fed for 3 months on phytoplasma-infected grapevine plants showed bacterial cells with the typical morphology of "Ca. Cardinium hertigii." This endosymbiont, tentatively designated ST1-C, was found in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic and vitellogenic ovarian cells, in the follicle cells, and in the fat body and salivary glands. In addition, cell morphologies resembling those of "Ca. Phytoplasma vitis" were detected in the midgut, and specific PCR assays indicated the presence of the phytoplasma in the gut, fat body and salivary glands. These results indicate that ST1-C and "Ca. Phytoplasma vitis" have a complex life cycle in the body of S. titanus and are colocalized in different organs and tissues.

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“…The search for phytoplasma-specific primers has led to evaluation of primers based on these regions appears to offer more variation than that of the 16S gene. Nevertheless, design of primers based on various conserved sequences such as 16S rRNA gene, ribosomal protein gene operon, tuf and SecY genes was the major breakthrough in detection, identification, and classification of phytoplasmas (57,147,109,161,111,112).…”

Section: Nested Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerase Chain Reaction for Phytoplasmas Detection

Delić¹

2012

Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Genetic variability among flavescence dorée phytoplasmas from different origins in Italy and France

Cited by 100 publications

References 10 publications

Classification of phytoplasma strains in the elm yellows group (16SrV) and proposal of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ for the phytoplasma associated with elm yellows

Classification of phytoplasma strains in the elm yellows group (16SrV) and proposal of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ for the phytoplasma associated with elm yellows

A Novel Bacteroidetes Symbiont Is Localized in Scaphoideus titanus , the Insect Vector of Flavescence Dorée in Vitis vinifera

Polymerase Chain Reaction for Phytoplasmas Detection

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