Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Correlation of Some Agronomical Characters of Soybean Varieties

Abstract

Genetic diversity and inheritance of the traits determine the success of the breeding program. Analysis of genetic variability and heritability assist breeders to decide a strategy and appropriate selection criteria that will be used to repair the desired character. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic diversity, heritability and correlation of nine agronomic characters of soybean varieties. The materials were 16 soybean varieties that arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that days to flowering, number of branches per plant, number of reproductive nodes, number of unfilled pods per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and grain yield revealed broad GCV (Genetic Coeffiecient of Variance), whereas the days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant had a narrow GCV. PCV (Phenotypic Coeffiecient of Variance) value higher than the value of GCV on all the observed characters with a slight difference, except for grain yield. The broad sense heritability varied from low (seed yield), medium (the number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of pods and the number of unfilled pods), and high (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and weight of 100 seeds). Characters of days to flowering and weight of 100 seeds are effectively used as selection criteria because they had a broad GCV and high heritability. Correlation of all yield components to the seed yield was not significant, and negatively correlated to weight of 100 seeds. Variety with higher plant height tended to have a higher number of branches, reproductive nodes and filled pod per plant.

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Yield Variance and Supported Character

“…Genotypes mean square in analysis of variance is a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors need to be separated first so that genotype variance reflects the population genetic diversity [15].…”

Analysis of Quantitative Traits and Estimation of Heritability in Early Generations of a Single Cross in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

“…Estimates of heritability vary with each trait, population, and environment under study. Most studies have reported that seed yield was relatively low in heritability (Anand and Torrie, 1963;Toledo et al, 2000;Gomes et al, 2004;Costa et al, 2008;Bhat et al, 2012;Hakim and Suyamto, 2017;Kuswantoro et al, 2018), while plant height and days to maturity had moderate to high heritability (Gomes et al, 2004;Hakim et al, 2014;Hakim and Suyamto, 2017;Kuswantoro et al, 2018). For segregating populations following hybridization, heritability estimates depend on the parents used to make a cross, the handling of segregating generations during the stabilization phase, traits, and the generation per se.…”

“…Aditya et al (2011) estimated the genetic variability of 31 soybean genotypes and found high heritability for days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches per plant, plant height, 100-seed weight, and seed yield per plant. Seed weight has also been shown to be rather high in heritability (Osekita and Olorufemi, 2014;Kuswantoro et al, 2018;Joshi et al, 2018). In the present study, heritability estimates for the number of pods and number of filled pods per plant in the F 2 generation differed from the F 2:3 generations, of which the heritabilities were low in F 2 but rather high in F 2:3 .…”

Seed Storability and Genetic Parameters Estimation on Accelerated Aging Seed of Argomulyo Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Mutant Lines

“…The parameters had medium PCV and GCV with smaller differences that might be effective for selection. Similarly, Tuhina-Khatun et al (2015), Ali et al (2016) and Kuswantoro et al (2018) mentioned the effectivity of selection due to the high or medium of PCV and GCV with narrow differences.…”