Genetic variability in Astyanax altiparanae Garutti & Britski, 2000 (Teleostei, Characidae) from the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil

Abstract

Allozyme data was used to assess the genetic diversity Astyanax altiparanae populations from the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River (PR). Specimens were collected in the southern Brazilian state of Paraná from PR in Porto Rico municipality and Ribeirão Ficha (RF) in Ubiratã municipality. The authors used 15% (w/v) corn starch gel electrophoresis to identify 21 putative loci for 13 enzymatic systems: Aspartate aminotransferase, 2.6.1.1 (AAT), Acid phosphatase, 3.1.3.2 (ACP), Esterase, 3.1.1.1 (EST), Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 1.1.1.8 (G3PDH), Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 1.1.1.49 (G6PDH), Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, 5.3.1.9 (GPI), Iditol dehydrogenase, 1.1.1.14 (IDDH), Isocitrate dehydrogenase -NADP + , 1.1.1.42 (IDH), L-Lactate dehydrogenase, 1.1.1.27 (LDH), Malate dehydrogenase, 1.1.1.37 (MDH), Malate dehydrogenase -NADP + , 1.1.1.40 (MDHP), Phosphoglucomutase, 5.4.2.2 (PGM), and Superoxide dismutase, 1.15.1.1 (SOD). The proportion of polymorphic loci were estimated as 52.38% in the PR population and 38.10% in the RF population. Expected estimated heterozygosities were 0.1518 ± 0.0493 for the PR population and 0.0905 ± 0.0464 for the RF population. The A. altiparanae heterozygosity data were similar to previous estimates for other PR basin characid species. Allele frequencies were significantly different between the PR and RF populations in respect to some loci (Acp-1, G3pdh-1, Gpi-A, Iddh-1, Mdhp-1 and Mdhp-2). Wright's statistics for all loci were estimated as F is = 0.3919, F it = 0.4804 and F st = 0.1455. Our results show that the A. altiparanae populations studied are genetically different and have a high degree of genetic variability.

Low concentrations of glyphosate‐based herbicide cause complete loss of sperm motility of yellowtail tetra fish Astyanax lacustris

“…A local extinction or simple decrease in the population of A. lacustris would cause serious ecological and economic consequences. This species, as prey for several carnivorous species, is important in the trophic web and affects their communities (Peres et al, ). Also, this species is highly appreciated for human consumption and important in aquaculture systems.…”

Trophic morphology features allow Astyanax endemic species coexistence in a Neotropical river system

“…Astyanax species, for example, have high phenotypic plasticity and many morphological specializations that are related to their presence in different habitats (Costa‐Pereira et al ., 2016). These morphologic specializations can be a result of the high genetic diversity of this group as well as a result of different environmental pressures (Costa‐Pereira et al ., 2016; Matoso et al ., 2004; Nishiyama et al ., 2016; Peres et al ., 2005). In some places, Astyanax species coexist through resource partitioning, with adaptations in size and mouth position, teeth morphology and eye diameter (EDI) (Bonato et al ., 2017; Portella et al ., 2017; Santos et al ., 2011).…”

VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE UM ESTOQUE CATIVO DE JUNDIÁ (Rhamdia quelen)

“…As análises genéticas, via marcadores moleculares de DNA, são amplamente utilizadas em estudos com enfoque de repovoamento e os marcadores de polimorfismo de DNA amplificado ao acaso ("Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA" -RAPD) fornecem subsídios fundamentais para a detecção de variações no DNA genômico entre subespécies ou populações de várias espécies de peixes (POVH et al, 2005;PRIOLI, et al, 2002;ALMEIDA et al, 2003;LEUZZI et al, 2004;PERES et al, 2005). Tal procedimento reforça sua aplicação na identificação de linhagens distintas e na determinação do impacto genético da introdução de peixes cultivados em populações naturais (HILSDORF; KRIEGER, 2001).…”