Genetic variation for seed hull and fibre content in a collection of European winter oilseed rape material (Brassica napus L.) and development of NIRS calibrations

Abstract

After oil extraction, the meal of oilseed rape provides an important protein-rich animal feedstuff. However, compared with soybean meal, the crude fibre content of oilseed rape meal is too high. The objectives of the present study were to analyse the genetic variation for and the environmental influence on the seed hull, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content of 28 black-seeded winter oilseed rape cultivars tested in field experiments in Germany and to develop near-infrared reflectance spectroscopic calibrations (NIRS). Significant effects of the genotype and of the location on all traits were found. NIRS calibrations showed in independent validations low standard errors [SEP(C)] of about 1% for NDF, ADF and ADL contents in the defatted meal and coefficients of determination (R 2 V) ranging from 0.72 for NDF to 0.80 for ADF. Results indicate a large genetic variation for NDF, ADF and ADL contents among current black-seeded winter oilseed rape cultivars, which can be used to develop new improved cultivars with reduced crude fibre content.

Genetic variation for secondary seed dormancy and seed longevity in a set of black‐seeded European winter oilseed rape cultivars

“…For the seed samples analysed in the present study, Dimov et al. () reported large and significant genotypic differences for seed hull proportion and seed fibre content (NDF, ADF, ADL). Results from this study do not indicate that the seed coat may influence the capacity to form secondary dormant seeds.…”

“…Seeds harvested from locations with high oil contents and with high yield levels (cf. Dimov et al 2012) clearly had higher secondary seed dormancy rates. This could indicate that optimal conditions during plant growth and maturation do not only increase seed yield and oil content but also the capacity to form secondary dormant seeds.…”

“…The two efforts, the appropriate tillage system and the use of cultivars with a low capacity to produce secondary dormant seeds, together could provide an instrument to effectively reduce soil seed banks and hence seed and pollen dispersal of transgenic modified and conventionally bred oilseed rape cultivars. In a previous study, large genotypic variation for seed oil and protein content as well as for seed size, seed hull proportion and seed fibre content was detected in a set of black-seeded European winter oilseed rape cultivars tested in field experiments at six different locations in Germany (Dimov et al 2012). The objective of the present study was to analyse the genetic variation and inheritance for germination rate, secondary seed dormancy and SL in the same set of seed samples from these cultivars and to study correlations to previously recorded seed traits.…”

“…In a previous study, large genotypic variation for seed oil and protein content as well as for seed size, seed hull proportion and seed fibre content was detected in a set of black‐seeded European winter oilseed rape cultivars tested in field experiments at six different locations in Germany (Dimov et al. ). The objective of the present study was to analyse the genetic variation and inheritance for germination rate, secondary seed dormancy and SL in the same set of seed samples from these cultivars and to study correlations to previously recorded seed traits.…”

Análisis del contenido en minerales en nabizas y grelos (Brassica rapaL. var.rapa) mediante reflectancia en el infrarrojo cercano

“…Los métodos tradicionales de análisis del contenido en minerales por vía húmeda, como por ejemplo la espectrometría de absorción atómica (AAS), la espectrometría de emisión atómica de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-AES), o la espectrometría de masas de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-MS) son caros, lentos, agresivos con el medio ambiente y necesitan mano de obra especializada para su aplicación. Como alternativa a estos métodos, desde los últimos 40 años se viene utilizando la espectroscopía por reflectancia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS) para el análisis de una gran diversidad de componentes de la calidad en los alimentos, así como de otras sustancias de interés para la industria farmacéutica (Chavez et al, 2015), química (Feng, Wu, & Zeng, 2015;Foster, Kakani, Ge, & Mosali, 2013), alimentaria, incluyendo frutas y verduras (Font, Del Río-Celestino, Cartea, & De Haro-Bailón, 2005;Guo, Ni, & Kokot, 2016;Martínez, Font, Gómez, Blanco, & Del Río, 2014;Schmitt, Garrigues, & De La Guardia, 2014) y agrícola (Cozzolino, Fassio, & Fernández, 2003;De Haro et al, 2006;Dimov, Suprianto, Hermann, & Möllers, 2012;Murray, 1986;Norris, Barnes, Moore, & Shenk, 1976;Shenk & Westerhaus., 1993;Van Maarschalkerweerd & Husted, 2015).…”