Genetic variation in the recognition of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> antigens in mice

Gemmell, E.; Sernia, Conrad; Grieco, D. A.; Bird, P. S.; Allen, Cynthia; Seymour, G. J.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-302x.2001.016003129.x

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The results of the present study have demonstrated that in general the percentages of cytokine-positive CD8 cells in the spleens of immunized mice were significantly higher than those of the CD4 cells, as has been reported previously [27,28]. Also, while the percentages of cytokine positive CD8 cells were increased for the most part compared with the control group, only the percentage of IL-4 + CD4 cells was increased in the two groups immunized with both F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…While the strains of bacteria were different from those used in the present study, this does not explain the diverging results. As well, five times the dose of organisms was used in the former protocol, although the immunizing dose of P. gingivalis has been shown to have no effect on the T cell cytokine profiles of immunized mice [28]. T cell clones were not established in the present study, which may be partly responsible for the differences found in the two studies, although based on the splenic T cell profiles of the present study, both CD4 and CD8 specific T cells with a Th1/Th2 profile would possibly be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of CD4 and CD8 cells extracted from the spleens staining positive for intracytoplasmic IL-4, IFN-gamma and IL-10 were determined as described previously [26][27][28]. Briefly, surface membrane staining of CD4 and CD8 cells was achieved using phycoerythrin (PE) conjugated rat antimouse CD4 or CD8 (PharMingen, San Diego, CA, USA), followed by fixation of these cells in paraformaldehyde, permeabilization using proteinase K and then incubation with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated rat antimouse IL-4, IFN-gamma or IL-10 (PharMingen).…”

Section: Flow Cytometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of anti-F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis antibodies Serum samples were assayed for the presence of anti-F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis antibodies using an ELISA technique described by Bird et al [25,27,28]. Briefly, the protein concentrations of both organisms were determined (BCA Protein Assay Kit, Pierce Rockford, IL, USA) and the optimum coating concentration of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis ascertained to be 5·0 mg/ml protein.…”

Section: Flow Cytometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the T and B cell responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model

Gemmell

Bird

Carter

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Periodontal disease results from the inflammatory response to bacteria in dental plaque (reviewed in [1]). Although there are well over 300 different bacterial species in the plaque, progression to periodontitis depends not on bacterial load, but on the presence of specific periodontopathic bacteria. The major pathogens identified at the 1996 World Workshop in Periodontics as causative agents are Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides forsythus [2]. P. gingivalis has been found in 15% of subjects in an Australian population, the prevalence increasing with increasing pocket depth [3]. In another study, Slots and Ting [4] found that 40-100% of adult periodontitis patients were positive for P. gingivalis. This high occurrence, together with the pathogenic potential of P. gingivalis, has made it a major pathogen of adult periodontitis [5].Immunohistological studies have established that a T cell/macrophage lesion identical to a delayed hypersensitivity 238 Effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the T and B cell responses toPorphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model SUMMARYT cell cytokine profiles and specific serum antibody levels in five groups of BALB/c mice immunized with saline alone, viable Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, viable Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277, F. nucleatum followed by P. gingivalis and P. gingivalis followed by F. nucleatum were determined. Splenic CD4 and CD8 cells were examined for intracytoplasmic interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-gamma and IL-10 by dual colour flow cytometry and the levels of serum anti-F. nucleatum and anti-P. gingivalis antibodies determined by an ELISA. Both Th1 and Th2 responses were demonstrated by all groups, and while there were slightly lower percentages of cytokine positive T cells in mice injected with F. nucleatum alone compared with the other groups immunized with bacteria, F. nucleatum had no effect on the T cell production of cytokines induced by P. gingivalis in the two groups immunized with both organisms. However, the percentages of cytokine positive CD8 cells were generally significantly higher than those of the CD4 cells. Mice immunized with F. nucleatum alone had high levels of serum anti-F. nucleatum antibodies with very low levels of P. gingivalis antibodies, whereas mice injected with P. gingivalis alone produced anti-P. gingivalis antibodies predominantly. Although the levels of anti-F. nucleatum antibodies in mice injected with F. nucleatum followed by P. gingivalis were the same as in mice immunized with F. nucleatum alone, antibody levels to P. gingivalis were very low. In contrast, mice injected with P. gingivalis followed by F. nucleatum produced equal levels of both anti-P. gingivalis and anti-F. nucleatum antibodies, although at lower levels than the other three groups immunized with bacteria, respectively. Anti-Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus and Prevotella intermedia serum antibody levels were also determined and found to be negligible. In conclusion, F. nucleatum ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Cytometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flow Cytometric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the T and B cell responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model

Gemmell

Bird

Carter

et al. 2002

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…A mouse model has been used to define the immune response to P. gingivalis (29, 30) and variations in the local T- and B-cell responses occurred with different mouse strains. Interestingly, a study examining coinfection with P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum demonstrated inhibitory effects on antibody production by both bacteria (31).…”

Section: Host–bacterial Interactions In Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease and the role of oral bacteria

Leishman

Lien

Ford

2010

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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In terms of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) the focus has traditionally been on dyslipidemia. Over the decades our understanding of the pathogenesis of CVD has increased, and infections, including those caused by oral bacteria, are more likely involved in CVD progression than previously thought. While many studies have now shown an association between periodontal disease and CVD, the mechanisms underpinning this relationship remain unclear. This review gives a brief overview of the host-bacterial interactions in periodontal disease and virulence factors of oral bacteria before discussing the proposed mechanisms by which oral bacterial may facilitate the progression of CVD.

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Differences in mouse strain influence leukocyte and immunoglobulin phenotype response to Porphyromonas gingivalis

Gemmell

Winning

Carter

et al. 2003

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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This study examined the nature of the infiltrating cells in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced lesions and immunoglobulins in the serum samples of BALB/c (H-2d), C57BL6 (H-2b), DBA/2J (H-2d) and CBA/CaH (H-2k) mice. Mice were immunized intraperitoneally with P. gingivalis outer membrane antigens or sham-immunized with phosphate-buffered saline followed by subcutaneous challenge with live organisms 1 week after the final immunization. The resulting skin abscesses were excised 7 days later, cryostat sections cut and an immunoperoxidase method used to detect the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets, CD14+ macrophages and CD19+ B cells. Peroxidase positive neutrophils and IgG1- and IgG2a-producing plasma cells were also identified. Anti P. gingivalis IgG1 and IgG2a subclass antibodies were determined in serum obtained by cardiac puncture. Very few CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells were found in any of the lesions. The percentages of CD4+ cells, CD14+ cells and neutrophils were similar in lesions of immunized BALB/c and C57BL6 mice, with a trend towards a higher percentage of CD14+ cells in sham-immunized mice. The percentage of CD14+ cells was higher than that of CD4+ cells in immunized compared with sham-immunized DBA/2J mice. The percentages of CD4+ and CD14+ cells predominated in immunized CBA/CaH mice and CD4+ cells in sham-immunized CBA/CaH mice. The percentage of neutrophils in immunized CBA/CaH mice was significantly lower than that of CD14+ cells and CD4+ cells in sham-immunized mice. IgG1+ plasma cells were more dominant than IgG2a+ cells in immunized BALB/c, C57BL6 and DBA/2J mice, whereas IgG2a+ plasma cells were more obvious in sham-immunized mice. IgG2a+ plasma cells were predominant in immunized and sham-immunized CBA/CaH mice. In the serum, specific anti-P. gingivalis IgG2a antibody levels (Th1 response) were higher than IgG1 levels (Th2 response) in sham-immunized CBA/CaH and DBA/2J mice. In immunized BALB/c mice, IgG2a levels were lower than IgG1 levels, while IgG2a levels were higher in immunized C57BL6 mice. In conclusion, this study has shown differences in the proportion of infiltrating leukocytes and in the subclasses of immunoglobulin produced locally and systemically in response to P. gingivalis in different strains of mice, suggesting a degree of genetic control over the response to P. gingivalis.

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Genetic variation in the recognition of Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the T and B cell responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model

Effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the T and B cell responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in a mouse model

Cardiovascular disease and the role of oral bacteria

Differences in mouse strain influence leukocyte and immunoglobulin phenotype response to Porphyromonas gingivalis

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