Genetic variation within the melatonin receptor 1C (MTNR1C) gene in the native chicken ‘Zo-ar’ of Mizoram, India

Abstract

The study has been aimed to uncover the presence of polymorphism within the MTNR1C gene in native chicken population, ‘Zo-ar’ of the Mizoram state of India and to calculate the allelic and genotypic frequency to screen the variation present within the population with respect to the MTNR1C gene which is associated with various egg production traits in poultry. DNA extraction has been done with the help of blood samples collected from a total of 50 randomly chosen ‘Zo-ar’ chicken irrespective of age or sex from different regions of Mizoram. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay has been used for the detection of SNPs within the MTNR1C gene. Two genotypes AG (0.34) and GG (0.66) have been detected for the MTNR1C gene in the ‘Zo-ar’ chicken population while the AA (0.00) genotype was found to be completely absent in the present study. The G allele (0.83) was found to be predominantly present in the populations. Further, the population was found to be conforming to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium with respect to the MTNR1C locus. From the present study the presence of variation within the MTNR1C locus was seen in the ‘Zo-ar’ chicken of Mizoram. This indicates the possibility of genetic improvement in egg production traits by using proper selection methods and formulating appropriate mating systems.

Identification of Melatonin Receptors Type C (MTNR1C) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Genes Related to Egg Production in Thai Indigenous Chickens

“…The RFLP method used in this study determined that the size of the DNA fragment from the MTNR1C (372 bp) and NPY (240 bp) genes was the same as that reported by Israa et al (2021) and Bora et al (2023). Moreover, there are three genotypes of the MTNR1C gene in chickens: AA, AG, and GG, with AG having the greatest genotype frequency.…”

“…According to Israa et al (2021), in local Iraqi chicken, heterozygous genotypes of MTNR1C gene are more common than homozygous genotypes. Bora et al (2023) found two genotypes (AG and GG) for the MT-NR1C gene in the Zo-ar chicken population, with the G allele being predominantly present. The genotype frequencies for the bb variant of the NPY gene in this study were found to be significantly different from those previously observed in native chickens from Mazandaran and local brown chickens from Iraq.…”

“…MTNR1C is a melatonin-binding G-protein coupled re-ceptor. Addition, eating habits, thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, and neuroendocrine activities are all regulated by the MTNR1C in chickens (Bora et al, 2023). Chickens' ovaries, ovarian follicular fluid, and granulose layer of cells were likewise found to contain the MTNR1C gene, indicating a potential role for melatonin and its.…”

“…The present study findings suggest that the MTNR1C in the Thai indigenous chicken population were an important role in the regulation of egg weights and cumulative egg counts at day 360 and monthly egg production rate. Recent experiments have been conducted to investigate genetic variation within the MTNR1C gene on egg production traits in the India native chicken (Zo-ar chicken) and explore the possibility of genetic improvement in egg production (Bora et al, 2023). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been conducted to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in egg number of Thai native chickens, resulting in the identification of SNPs and MTNR1C genes related to egg number at 300 day and reproductive traits (Tenzin et al, 2020).…”