Genetic variations in space and time in Parnassius mnemosyne (L.) (Lepidoptera) populations in north-east Hungary: implications for conservation

Meglécz, Emese; Nève, Gabriel; Pecsenye, Katalin; Varga, Zoltán

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(99)00006-3

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It was also lower than in several earlier MR studies of P. mnemosyne (e.g., Kudrna and Seufert, Table 5 Cormack-Jolly-Seber models for survival (φ) and catchability (p) of Parnassius mnemosyne butterfly, to which weather variables (w1, w2, w3-values of first three axes from PCA of eight meteorological variables) were inserted instead of time (expressed as marking day). The models are ordered by increasing AICc values and compared with the best CJS model containing time (shown in bold) 1991; Valimaki and Itamies, 2003), whereas Meglecz et al (1999) found sex ratios practically identical to those found in this study (Table 1). For the two days when two persons marked individual sexes, while a third person marked both sexes at once, the third person obtained even higher biases towards males on capture.…”

Section: Weather Effectssupporting

confidence: 66%

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Adult Sex Ratio in the Parnassius Mnemosyne Butterfly: Effects of Survival, Migration, And weather

Vlašánek

Hauck²,

Konvička

2009

Israel J Ecol Evol

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Sex ratio biases in animal populations influence the genetically effective population size, and thus are of interest in conservation. A butterfly group in which many authors report biases towards males is the genus Parnassius Latreille, 1804 (Papilionidae). Using a vulnerable woodland species, P. mnemosyne, we carried out a detailed marking campaign designed to eliminate biases towards individual sexes on marking. We then estimated the numbers of males and females using constrained linear models (CLMs) (Cormack-Jolly-Seber and Jolly-Seber in MARK); compared details of mobility between males and females using the Virtual Migration (VM) model; and built CLMs containing weather variables in order to directly assess weather effects on survival. The estimated population size was 4000 adults, with a male : female sex ratio of 1.5-1.6. Both daily and average catchability were higher for males, while the residence values (i.e., survival) were higher for females. Migration parameters were similar for the sexes, with slightly lower male survival within patches and slightly higher male emigration. CLMs with weather substituted for or added to marking days performed worse than models with mere marking days, and although weather affected the sexes differently, males still retained lower survival. The surplus of adult males in the studied population of P. mnemosyne was real, not caused by increased male survival or a difference in mobility. Therefore, the bias toward males must appear prior to adult emergence, probably during the larval period.

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Section: Weather Effectssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Meglecz et al (1999) proposed that shortages of females contributed to lack of P. mnemosyne genetic diversity in northern Hungary and elsewhere (cf. Descimon and napolitano, 1993;Descimon, 1995;Meglecz et al, 1997a,b).…”

Section: Models Testedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Sex Ratio in the Parnassius Mnemosyne Butterfly: Effects of Survival, Migration, And weather

Vlašánek

Hauck²,

Konvička

2009

Israel J Ecol Evol

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“…(Bergström 2005;Brommer and Fred 1999;Gorbach and Kabanen 2010;Gratton et al 2008;Konvička et al 2001;Konvička and Kuras 1999;Konvička et al 2006;Luoto et al 2001;Meglecz et al 1999;Välimäki and Itämies 2003) …”

Section: Don'tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dos and Don’ts for butterflies of the Habitats Directive of the European Union

Swaay¹,

Collins²,

Dušej³

et al. 2012

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“…In the absence of this information, researchers have merely assumed that small current population size combined with reduced genetic variation is indicative of long-term isolation and that such populations potentially suffer from the accumulation of deleterious mutations (22). In the case of naturally isolated insect populations, the focus of research has been on reduced genetic diversity (23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Strong support for genetic load due to drift is provided by demonstration of fitness recovery (heterosis) in crosses between isolated populations (28,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High genetic load in an old isolated butterfly population

Mattila

Duplouy

Kirjokangas

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We investigated inbreeding depression and genetic load in a small (N e ∼ 100) population of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia), which has been completely isolated on a small island [Pikku Tytärsaari (PT)] in the Baltic Sea for at least 75 y. As a reference, we studied conspecific populations from the well-studied metapopulation in the Åland Islands (ÅL), 400 km away. A large population in Saaremaa, Estonia, was used as a reference for estimating genetic diversity and N e . We investigated 58 traits related to behavior, development, morphology, reproductive performance, and metabolism. The PT population exhibited high genetic load (L = 1 − W PT /W ÅL ) in a range of fitness-related traits including adult weight (L = 0.12), flight metabolic rate (L = 0.53), egg viability (L = 0.37), and lifetime production of eggs in an outdoor population cage (L = 0.70). These results imply extensive fixation of deleterious recessive mutations, supported by greatly reduced diversity in microsatellite markers and immediate recovery (heterosis) of egg viability and flight metabolic rate in crosses with other populations. There was no significant inbreeding depression in most traits due to one generation of full-sib mating. Resting metabolic rate was significantly elevated in PT males, which may be related to their short lifespan (L = 0.25). The demographic history and the effective size of the PT population place it in the part of the parameter space in which models predict mutation accumulation. This population exemplifies the increasingly common situation in fragmented landscapes, in which small and completely isolated populations are vulnerable to extinction due to high genetic load.fixation load | segregation load | hybrid vigor | persisting population | inbreeding avoidance

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Genetic variations in space and time in Parnassius mnemosyne (L.) (Lepidoptera) populations in north-east Hungary: implications for conservation

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

Adult Sex Ratio in the Parnassius Mnemosyne Butterfly: Effects of Survival, Migration, And weather

Adult Sex Ratio in the Parnassius Mnemosyne Butterfly: Effects of Survival, Migration, And weather

Dos and Don’ts for butterflies of the Habitats Directive of the European Union

High genetic load in an old isolated butterfly population

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