Geniposide ameliorates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization via perivascular adipocyte-derived CXCL14

The Nutritional Intervention of Ingredients from Food Medicine Homology Regulating Macrophage Polarization on Atherosclerosis

“…Gardenia glycosides are cyclic enol ether terpene glycosides isolated from the Chinese traditional drug gardenia; they are the primary active components of gardenia. Geniposide treatment at 50 mg/kg/d improved atherosclerosis in ApoE –/– mice by biasing the phenotype of plaque macrophages to the M2 state . Furthermore, in the atherosclerosis model of New Zealand rabbits, treatment with geniposide at a concentration of 1.5 mg/kg/d reduced the level of IL-1β, increased the level of IL-10, inhibited the polarization of M1 macrophages and promoted the polarization of M2, thereby inhibiting and stabilizing the progression of atherosclerotic plaques …”

“…Geniposide treatment at 50 mg/kg/d improved atherosclerosis in ApoE −/− mice by biasing the phenotype of plaque macrophages to the M2 state. 45 Furthermore, in the atherosclerosis model of New Zealand rabbits, treatment with geniposide at a concentration of 1. polarization of M2, thereby inhibiting and stabilizing the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. 46 4.1.8.…”