Genitourinary tumours in the targeted therapies era

Abstract

Genitourinary cancers represent a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from genitourinary tract, and are responsible for almost 359 000 newly diagnosed cases and 58 420 related deaths in USA. Continuous advances in cancer genetics and genomics have contributed towards changing the management paradigms of these neoplasms. Neoangiogenesis, through the activation of the tyrosine-kinase receptors signalling pathways, represents the key mediator event in promoting tumour proliferation, differentiation, invasiveness and motility. In the last decade, several treatments have been developed with the specific aim of targeting different cell pathways that have been recognized to drive tumour progression. The following review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature, focusing on new advances in targeted therapies for genitourinary tumours. Furthermore, the promising results of the latest clinical trials and future perspectives will be discussed.

Optimal Sequencing and Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer

“…In an attempt to maximize benefits, a number of combinations of agents with seemingly non-overlapping mechanisms of action have been studied in advanced prostate cancer [ 76 ]. Combinations, for instance, of different ARSi with chemotherapy in mHSPC have been pursued, with conflicting results.…”

Current Strategies and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma

“…In the recent years, genomic characterization of advanced-stage UC has given an insight on which are molecular drivers at the basis of the oncogenesis and progression of UC and that could be potentially targetable ( Figure 2) [44]. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project for bladder cancer had the purpose to provide a comprehensive landscape of molecular alterations [45].…”