Genome diversity in the Neolithic Globular Amphorae culture and the spread of Indo-European languages

Tassi, Francesca; Vai, Stefania; Ghirotto, Silvia; Lari, Martina; Modi, Alessandra; Pilli, Elena; Brunelli, Andrea; Susca, Roberta Rosa; Budnik, Alicja; Labuda, Damian; Alberti, Federica; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; Reich, David; Caramelli, David; Barbujani, Guido

doi:10.1098/rspb.2017.1540

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…central Europe) have however shown a varying degree of Steppe ancestry 1,10 . This component has not been demonstrated among individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture 11,13,14 . Although our knowledge about the demographic prehistory in continental Europe has increased immensely over the last five years [1][2][3][4][5][6] the regional resolution of the events is insufficient and, thus, our understanding of the social processes is still lacking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Individuals of the GAC and CWC have very different ancestry. Individuals from CWC contexts in Poland exhibit a marked input from the eastern Yamnaya Steppe pastoralist whereas the individuals of the GAC complex hardly exhibit any Steppe ancestry 11,13,19 . Around 2400 BCE the Bell Beaker culture (BBC) complex enters this region, from the southwest, and yet another major genetic component is added to the local population 5,21 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

Linderholm

Kılınç

Szczepanek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the Final Eneolithic the Corded Ware Complex (CWC) emerges, chiefly identified by its specific burial rites. This complex spanned most of central Europe and exhibits demographic and cultural associations to the Yamnaya culture. To study the genetic structure and kin relations in CWC communities, we sequenced the genomes of 19 individuals located in the heartland of the CWC complex region, southeastern Poland. Whole genome sequence and strontium isotope data allowed us to investigate genetic ancestry, admixture, kinship and mobility. The analysis showed a unique pattern, not detected in other parts of poland; maternally the individuals are linked to earlier neolithic lineages, whereas on the paternal side a Steppe ancestry is clearly visible. We identified three cases of kinship. Of these two were between individuals buried in double graves. Interestingly, we identified kinship between a local and a non-local individual thus discovering a novel, previously unknown burial custom.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

Linderholm

Kılınç

Szczepanek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The knowledge about the genetic history of prehistoric Europeans has increased substantially during the past three years following a series of studies that have provided new insights about the ancestry and affinities of Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Bronze Age populations from various parts of Europe 1 – 19 . Recent ancient DNA (aDNA) genome-wide studies have particularly addressed the extent of genetic admixture between Neolithic farmers and hunter-gatherers (HG) and found evidence of regional variability in the level and nature of the admixture in Iberia 5 , 9 , 19 , 20 , south-east 6 , 10 , 13 , 16 , central 1 , 2 , 7 , 15 , north-eastern 4 , 6 , 14 , and northwestern Europe 5 , 8 . In regions such as the Baltic, however, genomic data has shown that hunter-gatherer populations adopted farming without a significant genetic input from farming populations 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genomic Neolithic time transect of hunter-farmer admixture in central Poland

Fernandes

Strapagiel

Borówka

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ancient DNA genome-wide analyses of Neolithic individuals from central and southern Europe indicate an overall population turnover pattern in which migrating farmers from Anatolia and the Near East largely replaced autochthonous Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. However, the genetic history of the Neolithic transition in areas lying north of the European Neolithic core region involved different levels of admixture with hunter-gatherers. Here we analyse genome-wide data of 17 individuals spanning from the Middle Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (4300-1900 BCE) in order to assess the Neolithic transition in north-central Poland, and the local impacts of hunter-farmer contacts and Late Neolithic steppe migrations. We evaluate the influence of these on local populations and assess if and how they change through time, reporting evidence of recurrent hunter-farmer admixture over three millennia, and the co-existence of unadmixed hunter-gatherers as late as 4300 BCE. During the Late Neolithic we report the appearance of steppe ancestry, but on a lesser scale than previously described for other central European regions, with evidence of stronger affinities to hunter-gatherers than to steppe pastoralists. These results help understand the Neolithic palaeogenomics of another central European area, Kuyavia, and highlight the complexity of population interactions during those times.

show abstract

“…The nine skeletons were collected from typical Khazar burial kurgans in the southern Russian steppes (see Supplement for details). Genotypes of ancient Eurasians (1st millennium BC-10th millennium BC) were obtained from https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/datasets; these datasets correspond to the following recent publications: [26,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. The datasets were stratified into 6 cohorts by the estimated age of the samples: 0-1000 BC, 1000-2000 BC, 2000-3000 BC, 3000-4000 BC, 4000-5000 BC, and above 5000 BC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse genetic origins of medieval steppe nomad conquerors

Qiu

Zarubin

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over millennia, steppe nomadic tribes raided and sometimes overran settled Eurasian civilizations. Most polities formed by steppe nomads were ephemeral, making it difficult to ascertain their genetic roots or what present-day populations, if any, have descended from them. Exceptionally, the Khazar Khaganate controlled the trade artery between the Black and Caspian Seas in VIII-IX centuries, acting as one of the major conduits between East and West. However, the genetic identity of the ruling elite within the polyglot and polyethnic Khaganate has been a much-debated mystery; a controversial hypothesis posits that post-conversion to Judaism the Khazars gave rise to modern Ashkenazim. We analyzed whole-genome sequences of eight men and one woman buried within the distinctive kurgans of the Khazar upper (warrior) class. After comparing them with reference panels of present-day Eurasian and Iron Age populations, we found that the Khazar political organization relied on a polyethnic elite. It was predominantly descended from Central Asian tribes but incorporated genetic admixture from populations conquered by Khazars. Thus, the Khazar ruling class was likely relatively small and able to maintain a genetic identity distinct from their subjugated populations over the course of centuries. Yet, men of mixed ancestry could also rise into the warrior class, possibly providing troop numbers necessary to maintain control of their large territory. However, when the Khaganate collapsed it left few persistent genetic traces in Europe. Our data confirm the Turkic roots of the Khazars, but also highlight their ethnic diversity and some integration of conquered populations.

show abstract

Genome diversity in the Neolithic Globular Amphorae culture and the spread of Indo-European languages

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

A genomic Neolithic time transect of hunter-farmer admixture in central Poland

Diverse genetic origins of medieval steppe nomad conquerors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About