Genome Sequence of the Brown Rot Fungal Pathogen Monilinia laxa

Naranjo‐Ortiz, Miguel A.; Rodríguez-Pires, Silvia; Cal, A. De; Usall, J.; Gabaldón, Toni

doi:10.1128/genomea.00214-18

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Gene identification in the recently available M. laxa genome sequence (Naranjo‐Ortiz et al ., ) allowed identification of all the genes already described as being secreted by the closest homologue B. cinerea during the interaction with its host (Blanco‐Ulate et al ., ). In the present study, results obtained in vitro demonstrated that the three MlPME s were differentially expressed in liquid culture containing different carbon sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Botrytis cinerea was used as a model organism because it is closely related to Monilinia . Thus, the well‐known proteins of B. cinerea reported to be involved in pectin degradation were used as query sequences (Table ) to search for homologies within the recently published ML8L genome (Naranjo‐Ortiz et al ., ), using the NCBI genome workbench software v. 2.11.10 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/tools/gbench/) and the blast tool implemented therein, setting an expect (E) value of 10 −3 . The identity (>60%) and the fraction of the query sequences covered by the match region (>50%) were used as filter criteria to select only reliable hits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, considering both the scarce information available for M. laxa, and previous results emphasizing the different roles that CWDEs can play in the pathogenicity processes regardless of the taxonomy of the fungus (Isshiki et al, 2001), further studies are desirable. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to characterize M. laxa PMEs and RG-HYDs using the recently published M. laxa genome (Naranjo-Ortiz et al, 2018). First, a preliminary in vitro approach was performed to sift some genes involved in pectin degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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The secretion of cell wall‐degrading enzymes is one of the mechanisms used by necrotrophic fungi to colonize host tissues. However, information about virulence factors of Monilinia spp., the causal agents of brown rot in stone fruit, is scarce. Plant cell walls have three main components that are broken down by fungal enzymes: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. In order to identify Monilinia laxa candidate proteins involved in pectin hydrolysis, two in vitro approaches were conducted: (i) phenotypic and ecophysiological characterization of growth of the pathogen at different pHs, in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing solid media for 7 days' incubation; and (ii) expression analysis of genes encoding M. laxa pectin methyl esterases (MlPMEs) and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases (MlRG‐HYDs) after incubation for 0.5, 2, 6, 24 and 48 h in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing liquid media. Phenotypic tests showed the role of carbon source on M. laxa growth rate and aggressiveness, and indicated that pectinases were greatly affected by pH. Gene expression analyses uncovered differences among members of each family of pectinases and between the two families, defining sets of genes expressed at earlier (0.5–6 h) and later (48 h) phases. Notably, the up‐ or down‐regulation of these target genes was carbon source‐dependent. Finally, an in vivo study confirmed the synergistic and complementary role that these genes play in the M. laxa–stone fruit pathosystem. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that MlPME2, MlRG‐HYD1 and MlRG‐HYD2 may be potential virulence factors of M. laxa in the process from infection to colonization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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“…Sungold) from a commercial orchard in Lagunilla (Salamanca, Spain). The genome sequence of M. laxa 8L was recently published [ 32 ], and the strain was also deposited in the Spanish Culture Type Collection (Spanish acronym, CECT 21100). M. laxa strains were stored at 4 °C on potato dextrose agar for short-term storage and −80 °C as a conidial suspension in 20% glycerol for long-term storage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-Photoreceptors and Proteins Related to Monilinia laxa Photoresponses

Rodríguez-Pires

Espeso

Rasiukevičiūtė

et al. 2021

JoF

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Light represents a ubiquitous source of information for organisms to evaluate their environment. The influence of light on colony growth and conidiation was determined for three Monilinia laxa isolates. The highest mycelial growth rate was observed under red light for the three M. laxa isolates, followed by green light, daylight or darkness. However, reduced sporulation levels were observed in darkness and red light, but conidiation enhancement was found under daylight, black and green light with more hours of exposure to light. Putative photoreceptors for blue (white-collar and cryptochromes), green (opsins), and red light (phytochromes) were identified, and the photoresponse-related regulatory family of velvet proteins. A unique ortholog for each photoreceptor was found, and their respective domain architecture was highly conserved. Transcriptional analyses of uncovered sets of genes were performed under daylight or specific color light, and both in time course illumination, finding light-dependent triggered gene expression of MlVEL2, MlPHY2, MlOPS2, and MlCRY2, and color light as a positive inductor of MlVEL3, MlVEL4, MlPHY1, and MlCRY1 expression. M. laxa has a highly conserved set of photoreceptors with other light-responsive fungi. Our phenotypic analyses and the existence of this light-sensing machinery suggest transcriptional regulatory systems dedicated to modulating the development and dispersion of this pathogen.

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“…Sungold) in Lagunilla, Salamanca, Spain. M. laxa 8L is deposited in the Spanish Culture Type Collection (CECT 21100), and the genome sequence was recently published (Naranjo-Ortíz et al, 2018). M. laxa isolates were maintained as cultures on potato dextrose agar (PDA; Difco) at 4°C in darkness for short-term storage and as a conidial suspension in 20% glycerol at −80°C for long-term storage.…”

Section: Laxa Isolates and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of light on the Monilinia laxa–stone fruit interaction

et al. 2020

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Light represents a signal for the regulation of virulence in many microbial pathogens. Two stone fruits, nectarines and cherries, were used to investigate the influence of light on brown rot caused by Monilinia laxa. Three single‐spore isolates were inoculated on nectarines and incubated under different white lights, red light, blue light, green light, and black light with two photoperiods. In addition, to understand the effect of daylight irradiance on brown rot, M. laxa was inoculated on different cherry cultivars and incubated under two simulated solar irradiations. Significantly higher disease severity and sporulation were reported on inoculated nectarines incubated under 58 W white light for 12 hr light/12 hr darkness than on nectarines incubated in continuous darkness. Only red light caused a significant increase in the incidence and severity of the disease in nectarines inoculated with the three M. laxa isolates, compared to fruit incubated under white light. High light intensity (185.45 W/m2), caused greater brown rot severity in all cherry cultivars, both early and late varieties, than low irradiance (145.85 W/m2). Significant up‐regulation of the pathogenicity‐related MlPNL2 gene was observed as an early response after cherry inoculation under high‐intensity light, especially in late cherry cultivars, while MlPG1 expression did not show any changes under different light irradiances. M. laxa was shown to be a light‐responsive fungal pathogen, and light seemed to play an active role in brown rot development.

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Genome Sequence of the Brown Rot Fungal Pathogen Monilinia laxa

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Light-Photoreceptors and Proteins Related to Monilinia laxa Photoresponses

Influence of light on the Monilinia laxa–stone fruit interaction

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