Genome Stability in Embryonic Stem Cells

Rebuzzini, Paola; Zuccotti, Maurizio; Redi, Carlo Alberto; Garagna, Silvia

doi:10.5772/15091

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Beyond this limit, some chromosome abnormalities have been described [2n = 44,XX,t(13;14),-22 in 3% of cells analyzed; Suchánek et al, 2007]. More recently, polyploid aberrant metaphases (loss of chromosomes 2, 3,5,6,7,8,9, and 16 in ∼ 70% of the cells) were found in 4 human dental pulp-derived MSC lines, in association with the presence of ring chromosomes ( table 2 ) [Duailibi et al, 2012]. Finally, data on chorionic villi-, human umbilical cord-and amniotic fluid-derived MSCs showed normal chromosome complements after 6-10 passages [Poloni et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Ruan et al, 2014] or after 150 days of cryopreservation [Angelo et al, 2012].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decade, several papers evidenced the difficulty of SCs to maintain a correct chromosome complement during prolonged expansion [for reviews see Rebuzzini et al, 2011;Oliveira et al, 2014]. After a brief description of the main techniques used for the karyotype analysis, this review will give a detailed overview of the chromosome abnormalities described in both pluripotent SCs (ESCs and iPSCs) and SSCs, and the possible causes of their origin during prolonged culture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosomal Abnormalities in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

Rebuzzini¹,

Zuccotti

Redi³

et al. 2015

Cytogenet Genome Res

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The potential use of stem cells (SCs) for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, disease modeling, toxicological studies, drug delivery, and as in vitro model for the study of basic developmental processes implies large-scale in vitro culture. Here, after a brief description of the main techniques used for karyotype analysis, we will give a detailed overview of the chromosome abnormalities described in pluripotent (embryonic and induced pluripotent SCs) and somatic SCs, and the possible causes of their origin during culture.

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Section: Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

Rebuzzini¹,

Zuccotti

Redi³

et al. 2015

Cytogenet Genome Res

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“…Although previous research has shown that the majority of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are relatively stable in long-term cultures, certain studies have questioned their reliability, specifically regarding genomic purity (44). During the past few decades, numerous studies have observed genomic aberrations on chromosomes 12, 17, 20, and X (89), and a gain has been observed in either the entire chromosome 12 or parts of chromosome 12 (23,27,36,75,102) in hESCs and also similar changes in mouse ESCs (mESCs) (42,65,104). A previous study showed that, because hESCs undergo spontaneous apoptosis and differentiation at a rate that is higher than that of mESCs, it is highly difficult to maintain hESC cultures (86).…”

Section: Genetic and Epigenetic Instabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Epigenetic Instability of Stem Cells

Rajamani

Hsieh

et al. 2014

Cell Transplant

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Recently, research on stem cells has been receiving an increasing amount of attention, both for its advantages and disadvantages. Genetic and epigenetic instabilities among stem cells have been a recurring obstacle to progress in regenerative medicine using stem cells. Various reports have stated that these instabilities can transform stem cells when transferred in vivo and thus have the potential to develop tumors. Previous research has shown that various extrinsic and intrinsic factors can contribute to the stability of stem cells. The extrinsic factors include growth supplements, growth factors, oxygen tension, passage technique, and cryopreservation. Controlling these factors based on previous reports may assist researchers in developing strategies for the production and clinical application of "safe" stem cells. On the other hand, the intrinsic factors can be unpredictable and uncontrollable; therefore, to ensure the successful use of stem cells in regenerative medicine, it is imperative to develop and implement appropriate strategies and technique for culturing stem cells and to confirm the genetic and epigenetic safety of these stem cells before employing them in clinical trials.

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Mouse embryonic stem cells that survive γ‐rays exposure maintain pluripotent differentiation potential and genome stability

Rebuzzini

Pignalosa

Mazzini

et al. 2011

Journal Cellular Physiology

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This study aimed to investigate the cell cycle, apoptosis, cytogenetics and differentiation capacity of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) that survived a single dose of 2 or 5 Gy γ-rays during a period of up to 96 h of culture. After 2 Gy irradiation and 24 h culture, compared to control, a significant majority of cells was blocked at the G2/M phase and a massive apoptosis was recorded. Between 48 and 72 h post-irradiation, the parameters used to describe the cell cycle and apoptosis returned similar to those of control samples. When mESCs were irradiated with 5 Gy, a small fraction of cells, even after 96 h of culture, still presented clear evidences of a G2/M block and apoptosis. The cytogenetic analysis performed at 96 h showed that the structural stability of the aberrations did not change significantly when comparing control and 2 or 5 Gy-treated populations. However, the chromosomal damage observed in the progeny of the survived cells after 5 Gy exposure is significantly higher than that observed in control samples, although it is mostly of the stable and transmissible type. Ninety-six hours after irradiation, the survived mESCs maintained their undifferentiated status and capability to differentiate into the three germ layers. Overall, these results indicate a commitment of mESCs to maintain pluripotency and genome stability.

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Genome Stability in Embryonic Stem Cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Embryonic and Somatic Stem Cells

Genetic and Epigenetic Instability of Stem Cells

Mouse embryonic stem cells that survive γ‐rays exposure maintain pluripotent differentiation potential and genome stability

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