Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the PDI Gene Family Reveals Their Probable Involvement in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

Protein disulfide isomerases (PDI) and PDI-like proteins catalyze the formation and isomerization of protein disulfide bonds in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevent the buildup of misfolded proteins under abiotic stress conditions. In the present study, we conducted the first comprehensive genome-wide exploration of the PDI gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). We identified 19 tomato PDI genes that were unevenly distributed on 8 of the 12 tomato chromosomes, with segmental duplications detected for 3 paralogous gene pairs. Expression profiling of the PDI genes revealed that most of them were differentially expressed across different organs and developmental stages of the fruit. Furthermore, most of the PDI genes were highly induced by heat, salt, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, while relatively few of the genes were induced by cold and nutrient and water deficit (NWD) stresses. The predominant expression of SlPDI1-1, SlPDI1-3, SlPDI1-4, SlPDI2-1, SlPDI4-1, and SlPDI5-1 in response to abiotic stress and ABA treatment suggested they play regulatory roles in abiotic stress tolerance in tomato in an ABA-dependent manner. Our results provide new insight into the structure and function of PDI genes and will be helpful for the selection of candidate genes involved in fruit development and abiotic stress tolerance in tomato.

miR166h Directed Cleavage of Target Upon PGPR Inoculation Under Drought Stress and Tissue-Specific Expression Analysis Under Abiotic Stresses in Chickpea.

“…ZmMYB30 of Zea mays is also enriched with TC-rich repeats in its promoter and has roles in terms of salinity stress (Luo et al 2020). PDI gene family in Solanum lycopersicumalso has TC-rich repeats in promoter pointing their role towards the abiotic stress mitigation (Wai et al 2021). The ESTs under salinity stress in Artemesia annua were also studied for the presence of cis-regulatory elements and showed the role of TCA-elements in salicylic acid response and stress modulation (Alam and Balawi 2020).…”

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of Alba gene family members in response to abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…Three different types of flower samples were harvested: floral buds, full-blooming flowers, and senescent flowers. Fruit samples were collected at six different stages: (i) young fruits approximately 1 cm in diameter at 2 weeks after pollination (1 cm fruits) (ii) immature fruits at 5 weeks after pollination (IM fruits), (iii) mature green fruits at 7 weeks after pollination (MG fruits), (iv) breaker fruits, when the colour of mature fruits changes from green to faint yellow-orange (B fruits), (v) breaker after 3 days (B3 fruits), and (vi) breaker after 7 days (B7 fruits) [ 74 ].…”

“…To study expression patterns of SlAlba genes under different abiotic stress conditions (abscisic acid [ABA], heat, cold, and salt [NaCl]), leaf samples from 28-day-old seedlings of uniform growth and development were collected at 0, 1, 3, 9, and 24 h after the start of the stress treatments [ 74 ], while they were collected at 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after withholding watering for drought treatment. ABA treatment was applied by spraying leaves with 100 μM ABA.…”

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of Alba gene family members in response to abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…Three different types of ower samples were harvested: oral buds, full-blooming owers, and senescent owers. Fruit samples were collected at six different stages: (i) young fruits approximately 1 cm in diameter at 2 weeks after pollination (1 cm fruits) (ii) immature fruits at 5 weeks after pollination (IM fruits), (iii) mature green fruits at 7 weeks after pollination (MG fruits), (iv) breaker fruits, when the color of mature fruits changes from green to faint yellow-orange (B fruits), (v) breaker after 3 days (B3 fruits), and (vi) breaker after 7 days (B7 fruits) (Wai et al, 2021).…”

“…To study expression patterns of SlAlba genes under different abiotic stress conditions (abscisic acid [ABA], heat, cold, salt [NaCl], and drought), leaf samples from 28-day-old seedlings of uniform growth and development were collected at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after the start of the stress treatments (Wai et al, 2021). ABA treatment was applied by spraying leaves with 100 µM ABA.…”