Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Pattern Analysis of the GATA Gene Family in Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

Abstract

GATA is a transcription factor that exerts a vital function in plant growth and development, physiological metabolism, and environmental responses. However, the GATA gene family has rarely been studied in Tartary buckwheat since the completion of its genome. This study used bioinformatics methods to identify GATA genes of Tartary buckwheat and to analyze their subfamily classification, structural composition, and developmental evolution, as well as to discuss the expression patterns of FtGATA genes in different subfamilies. The twenty-eight identified FtGATA genes in the Tartary buckwheat genome were divided into four subfamilies and distributed on eight chromosomes. One pair of tandem repeat genes and eight pairs of fragments were found in chromosome mapping. Spatiotemporal expression patterns of eight FtGATA genes in different subfamilies indicated that the FtGATA gene family has regulatory roles in tissue specificity, fruit development, abiotic stress, and hormonal responses. This study creates a theoretical and scientific foundation for further research on the evolutionary relationship and biological function of FtGATA.

Genome-Wide Prediction and Expression Characterization of the GATA Gene Family under Nitrogen and Phosphate Deficiency in Panax ginseng

“…Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the GATA proteins from P. ginseng, A. thaliana, and O. sativa were classified into A, B, C, and D groups. This classification is consistent with the grouping of GATA proteins in Setaria italica [64], A. hypogaea L. [66], Populus alba [69], Sorghum bicolor [70], Zea mays L. [71], and Fagopyrum tataricum [72]. Specifically, subgroup A had the highest number of GATAs, and members within the same subgroups exhibited higher sequence similarity.…”

Genome-wide identification of GATA transcription factors in tetraploid potato and expression analysis in differently colored potato flesh

“…The GATA gene families of tetraploid potato and Arabidopsis share a closer evolutionary relationship than rice. Protein domain analysis showed that the conserved domain of StGATA members in subfamily III was CX 2 CX 20 CX 2 C, whereas that in the other three subfamilies was CX 2 CX 18 CX 2 C. The similar phenomena have been observed in other dicotyledonous plants, such as Arabidopsis ( Reyes et al., 2004 ), soybean ( Zhang et al., 2015 ), and Tartary buckwheat ( Yao et al., 2022 ). However, key differences were observed in the classifications of the GATA subfamily between monocotyledon rice and tetraploid potato.…”

“…All duplication events of tetroploid potato were segmental duplication, consisted with that of the wheat GATA gene family ( Feng et al., 2022 ). Segmental duplication events were also dominant in other crops such as grape ( Zhang et al., 2018 ), buckwheat ( Yao et al., 2022 ), and cucumber ( Zhang et al., 2021 ). These reports indicate that segmental duplication events may be the primary mechanism of the expansion of GATA gene family during evolution.…”

“…The gene expression of GATA44 and GATA58 is significantly decreased under low-nitrogen treatment in soybean seedlings ( Zhang et al., 2015 ). The expression levels of FtGATA23 and FtGATA25 genes increase significantly in Tartary buckwheat leaves under separate cold and polyethylene glycol treatments ( Yao et al., 2022 ). Recent reports showed that GATA family members may also participate in anthocyanin biosynthesis.…”

“…The GATA gene family was previously identified and studied on a genome-wide basis in many different crops, such as Arabidopsis thaliana ( Reyes et al., 2004 ; Bi et al., 2005 ), Oryza sativa ( Reyes et al., 2004 ; Gupta et al., 2017 ), Glycine max ( Zhang et al., 2015 ), Vitis vinifera ( Zhang et al., 2018 ), Brassica napus ( Zhu et al., 2020 ), Triticum aestivum ( Feng et al., 2022 ), and Fagopyrum tataricum ( Yao et al., 2022 ). However, it is not yet reported on the genome-wide identification of GATA TFs in tetraploid potato and the role in tuber anthocyanin biosynthesis.…”