Genomic Insights into the Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential of Streptomyces sp. A1-08 Isolated from Volcanic Soils of Mount Mayon, Philippines

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global and developmental threat to humanity. The rapid emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens resulted in the ineffective use of currently available antibiotics. Therefore, there is a need to continue searching for additional sources of antibiotics, such as actinomycetes, which can potentially harbor unique and effective secondary metabolites. Furthermore, it is interesting to consider poorly explored environments like volcanoes, which can be potential sources of drug leads for medically important natural products. This study reports the antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from volcanic soil samples collected from Mount Mayon, Albay, Philippines. A total of 13 out of 30 morphologically distinct actinomycete isolates showed antagonistic activity against test microorganisms. Isolate A1-08, the focus of the study, exhibited a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA), Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium sp. Moreover, A1-08 was found to have anti-methicillin resistant S. aureus (MIC = 2.50 mg/mL) and anticancer activity against human colorectal cancer (HCT116) cell line (IC50 = 21.54 μg/mL). Whole-genome sequence-based phylogenetic analysis supported a novel species of Streptomyces closely related to S. olivaceus NRRL B-3009. A total of 48 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified that may be responsible for the biosynthesis of known and potentially novel secondary metabolites. This study concludes that Streptomyces sp. A1-08, a potentially novel species, is a good candidate to produce broad-spectrum antibiotics with anti-MRSA and anti-cancer activities and possibly novel secondary bioactive metabolites of medical and pharmaceutical importance.

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles with bioactive compounds of Actinomycete, Amyculatopsis roodepoortensis strain EA7 and its effect on cell line HT-29

“…Identi cation was performed based on phenotypic (Morphological and physiological) and molecular characteristics according to the protocol of Kurnianto et al [15]. The results of phenotypic characteristics were evaluated according to Bergey's manual of deterministic bacteriology and con rmed as isolates of actinomycetes [15,17,18]. The molecular identi cation of the isolate was done using universal primers, 27F (5'-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG − 3') and 1492 R (5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT − 3').…”

“…The studied organisms for the antimicrobial assay of actinomycetes were collected from the infectious department of Rasht Hospital. Following the protocol outlined by Ansari et al [21] biochemical tests (including catalase, mannitol salt agar, and coagulase for Staphylococcus aureus and catalase, oxidase, Simon citrate agar, and TSI for Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Gram-staining, and antibiotic sensitivity tests to four antibiotics (imipenem 10mg, cipro oxacin 5mg, ceftazidime 30mg, and piperacillin 100mg) were conducted [17,21]. Additionally, standard strains, including P. aeruginosa PTCC 1565 and S. aureus PTCC 1112, were procured from the Iran Scienti c and Industrial Research Organization.…”

Isolation and identification of the rare actinomycete, Amycolatopsis roodepoortensis strain EA7 from the agricultural soils of northern Iran and identification of their biological products

“…Antibiotic discs were placed on inoculated plates with sterile forceps. The plates were incubated for 2 days at 28°C and the sensitivity of each antibiotic was determined by checking the zones of inhibition in mm (Oliveros et al, 2021;Lukežič et al,2019 ).…”

“…Ansari et al, 2019;Oliveros et al, 2021). The variationin types and concentration of bioactive compunds and percent of extract yield is because of the difference in substance solubility among solvents.…”