Genomic Tools in Applied Tree Breeding Programs: Factors to Consider

Abstract

The past three decades have seen considerable research into the molecular genetics and genomics of forest trees, and a variety of new tools and methods have emerged that could have practical applications in applied breeding programs. Applied breeders may lack specialized knowledge required to evaluate claims made about the advantages of new methods over existing practices and are faced with the challenge of deciding whether to invest in new approaches or continue with current practices. Researchers, on the other hand, often lack experience with constraints faced by applied breeding programs and may not be well-equipped to evaluate the suitability of the method they have developed to a particular program. Our goal here is to outline social, biological, and economic constraints relevant to applied breeding programs to inform researchers, and to summarize some new methods and how they may address those constraints to inform breeders. The constraints faced by programs breeding tropical species grown over large areas in relatively uniform climates with rotations shorter than 10 years differ greatly from those facing programs breeding boreal species deployed in many different environments, each with relatively small areas, with rotations of many decades, so different genomic tools are likely to be appropriate.

Will Genomic Information Facilitate Forest Tree Breeding for Disease and Pest Resistance?

“…Two other papers in this Special Issue address challenges to the potential use of genomics tools in tree breeding [51,61] and much of that applies to resistance breeding. Genomic information can potentially be valuable in resistance breeding, but the limits of the technology for forest trees, and, notably, for the next 10 to 20 years, needs further examination.…”